Radiation-induced cavernous malformations (RICMs) are delayed complications of brain irradiation during childhood. Its natural history is largely unknown and its incidence may be underestimated as RCIMS tend to develop several years following radiation. No clear consensus exists regarding the long-term follow-up or treatment. A systematic review of Embase, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, was performed. Based on our inclusion/exclusion criteria, 12 articles were included, totaling 113 children with RICMs, 86 were treated conservatively, and 27 with microsurgery. We were unable to precisely define the incidence and natural history from this data. The mean age at radiation treatment was 7.3 years, with a slight male predominance (54%) and an average dose of 50.0 Gy. The mean time to detection of RICM was 9.2 years after radiation. RICM often developed at distance from the primary lesion, more specifically frontal (35%) and temporal lobe (34%). On average, 2.6 RICMs were discovered per child. Sixty-seven percent were asymptomatic. Twenty-one percent presented signs of hemorrhage. Clinical outcome was favorable in all children except in 2. Follow-up data were lacking in most of the studies. RICM is most often asymptomatic but probably an underestimated complication of cerebral irradiation in the pediatric population. Based on the radiological development of RICMs, many authors suggest a follow-up of at least 15 years. Studies suggest observation for asymptomatic lesions, while surgery is reserved for symptomatic growth, hemorrhage, or focal neurological deficits.

辐射诱发的海绵状血管瘤 (RICMs) 是儿童期脑部辐射的延迟并发症。其自然史在很大程度上是未知的，并且其发病率可能被低估，因为 RCIMS 往往在辐射后数年发展。关于长期随访或治疗尚无明确共识。遵循系统评价和元分析 (PRISMA) 指南的首选报告项目，对 Embase、Cochrane 图书馆、PubMed、Google Scholar 和 Web of Science 数据库进行了系统评价。根据我们的纳入/排除标准，共纳入 12 篇文章，共 113 名儿童 RICM，86 名接受了保守治疗，27 名接受了显微手术。我们无法从这些数据中准确定义发病率和自然史。接受放射治疗的平均年龄为 7.3 岁，男性占少数（54%），平均剂量为 50.0 Gy。检测到 RICM 的平均时间是放射后 9.2 年。RICM 通常在远离原发灶的地方发展，更具体地说是额叶 (35%) 和颞叶 (34%)。平均每个孩子发现 2.6 个 RICM。67% 的人没有症状。百分之二十一出现出血迹象。除 2 名儿童外，所有儿童的临床结果均良好。大多数研究缺乏随访数据。RICM 通常是无症状的，但可能是儿科人群中被低估的脑照射并发症。基于 RICM 的放射学发展，许多作者建议至少 15 年的随访。研究建议观察无症状病变，而手术仅用于有症状的生长、出血、