Interferon (IFN)-α has emerged as a major therapeutic target for several autoimmune rheumatic diseases. In this review, we focus on clinical and preclinical advances in anti-IFN-α treatments in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS), systemic sclerosis (SSc), and dermatomyositis (DM), for which a high medical need persists. Promising achievements were obtained following direct IFN-α neutralization, targeting its production through the cytosolic nucleic acid sensor pathways or by blocking its downstream effects through the type I IFN receptor. We further focus on molecular profiling and data integration approaches as crucial steps to select patients most likely to benefit from anti-IFN-α therapies within a precision medicine approach.

干扰素 (IFN)-α 已成为几种自身免疫性风湿性疾病的主要治疗靶点。在这篇综述中，我们关注抗 IFN-α 治疗系统性红斑狼疮 (SLE)、原发性干燥综合征 (pSS)、系统性硬化症 (SSc) 和皮肌炎 (DM) 的临床和临床前进展。需求持续存在。在直接中和 IFN-α 后获得了有希望的成就，通过细胞溶质核酸传感器途径靶向其产生或通过 I 型 IFN 受体阻断其下游效应。我们进一步关注分子分析和数据整合方法，作为在精准医疗方法中选择最有可能从抗 IFN-α 疗法中受益的患者的关键步骤。