The transfer of optical momentum can exert miniscule but important forces on biological specimens. This area of optical manipulation has been thriving for over 50 years. Its importance was recognised by the award of half of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2018 to Arthur Ashkin for the use of a single focused light beam for manipulation, namely optical tweezers. This article reviews the basic physics of trapping and gives an overview of the basic premise of the field. We particularly focus upon its importance and impact on the biomedical sciences.

中文翻译：

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光学操纵：生物医学科学的一步改变

光学动量的传递可以对生物标本施加微小但重要的力。这个光学操纵领域已经蓬勃发展了 50 多年。它的重要性得到了 2018 年诺贝尔物理学奖的一半授予 Arthur Ashkin 的认可，因为他使用单一聚焦光束进行操作，即光镊。本文回顾了诱捕的基本物理学，并概述了该领域的基本前提。我们特别关注它对生物医学科学的重要性和影响。