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Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) for Natural Microseismicity Studies: A Case Study From Antarctica
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-02 , DOI: 10.1029/2020jb021493
T.S. Hudson 1 , A.F. Baird 2 , JM. Kendall 1 , SK. Kufner 3 , A.M. Brisbourne 3 , A.M. Smith 3 , A. Butcher 4 , A. Chalari 5 , A. Clarke 5
Affiliation  

Icequakes, microseismic earthquakes at glaciers, offer insights into the dynamics of ice sheets. For the first time in the Antarctic, we explore the use of fiber optic cables as Distributed Acoustic Sensors (DAS) as a new approach for monitoring basal icequakes. We present the use of DAS for studying icequakes as a case study for the application of DAS to microseismic datasets in other geological settings. Fiber was deployed on the ice surface at Rutford Ice Stream in two different configurations. We compare the performance of DAS with a conventional geophone network for: microseismic detection and location; resolving source and noise spectra; source mechanism inversion; and measuring anisotropic shear-wave splitting parameters. Both DAS array geometries detect fewer events than the geophone array. However, DAS is superior to geophones for recording the microseism signal, suggesting the applicability of DAS for ambient noise interferometry. We also present the first full-waveform source mechanism inversions using DAS anywhere, successfully showing the horizontal stick-slip nature of the icequakes. In addition, we develop an approach to use a 2D DAS array geometry as an effective multi-component sensor capable of accurately characterizing shear-wave splitting due to the anisotropic ice fabric. Although our observations originate from a glacial environment, the methodology and implications of this work are relevant for employing DAS in other microseismic environments.

中文翻译:

用于自然微地震研究的分布式声学传感 (DAS):来自南极洲的案例研究

冰震(冰川上的微震地震)提供了对冰盖动力学的深入了解。我们首次在南极探索使用光纤电缆作为分布式声学传感器 (DAS) 作为监测基础冰震的新方法。我们将 DAS 用于研究冰震作为案例研究,将 DAS 应用于其他地质环境中的微地震数据集。光纤以两种不同的配置部署在 Rutford Ice Stream 的冰面上。我们将 DAS 与传统地震检波器网络的性能进行了比较:微震检测和定位;解析源和噪声频谱;源机制倒置;并测量各向异性横波分裂参数。两种 DAS 阵列几何结构比地震检波器阵列检测到的事件更少。然而,DAS 在记录微震信号方面优于地震检波器,表明 DAS 在环境噪声干涉测量中的适用性。我们还展示了第一个在任何地方使用 DAS 的全波形震源机制反演,成功地展示了冰震的水平粘滑性质。此外,我们开发了一种使用 2D DAS 阵列几何结构作为有效多分量传感器的方法,能够准确表征由于各向异性冰结构引起的剪切波分裂。尽管我们的观察来自冰川环境,但这项工作的方法和意义与在其他微地震环境中使用 DAS 相关。成功地展示了冰震的水平粘滑性质。此外,我们开发了一种使用 2D DAS 阵列几何结构作为有效多分量传感器的方法,能够准确表征由于各向异性冰结构引起的剪切波分裂。尽管我们的观察来自冰川环境,但这项工作的方法和意义与在其他微地震环境中使用 DAS 相关。成功地展示了冰震的水平粘滑性质。此外,我们开发了一种使用 2D DAS 阵列几何结构作为有效多分量传感器的方法,能够准确表征由于各向异性冰结构引起的剪切波分裂。尽管我们的观察来自冰川环境,但这项工作的方法和意义与在其他微地震环境中使用 DAS 相关。
更新日期:2021-07-16
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