A new lower-dimension ecological–evolutionary model of algae was proposed to describe the simultaneous dynamics of variables (population biomass) and parameters (limits of the temperature tolerance interval [a – d, a + d]). In a given periodic temperature regime, the parameters tend to certain final values, which are called evolutionarily stable (ES) values. Calculations showed that ES parameters form a rainbow structure on the plane (a, d); the farthest points of the rainbow correspond to psychrophilic (diatom) and thermophilic (blue–green) algae. Algal adaptation to two periodic environmental factors, temperature and salinity, was carried out within preset temperature and salinity tolerance ranges [a – d, a + d] and [b – c, b + c]. The domain of evolutionarily stable parameters in the plane (a, b) was found to depend on the degree of synchronism of environmental factors. The parameters lay on a linear segment in some cases, while their location on a nonlinear oval was unexpectedly possible in some other cases.

提出了一种新的藻类低维生态进化模型来描述变量（种群生物量）和参数（温度耐受区间的限制 [ a - d , a + d ]）的同时动态。在给定的周期性温度范围内，参数趋向于某些最终值，称为进化稳定 (ES) 值。计算表明，ES 参数在平面 ( a , d); 彩虹的最远点对应于嗜冷（硅藻）和嗜热（蓝绿）藻类。藻类对温度和盐度这两个周期性环境因素的适应是在预设的温度和盐度耐受范围 [ a – d , a + d ] 和 [ b – c , b + c ] 内进行的。发现平面（a，b）中进化稳定参数的域取决于环境因素的同步程度。在某些情况下，参数位于线性段上，而在其他一些情况下，它们在非线性椭圆上的位置出乎意料地可能。