Recently, research interest has shifted to the development of effective remediation technologies for treated palm oil mill effluent (TPOME) due to the failure of the existing treatment methods to comply with the standard discharge limits. Photocatalytic technology has been recognized as an extremely attractive and sustainable technology for the remediation of TPOME. However, inefficient harvesting of visible or solar light, very low remediation efficiency under visible light, incomplete recovery of the photocatalyst after the treatment, lack of property-performance relationship, and lack of process understanding as well as parametric optimization are the major challenges which hinder the practical application of photocatalytic technology for the remediation of TPOME. Many investigations have been carried out to overcome the existing challenges and enhance the overall remediation efficiency of TPOME. This review provides an in-depth and critical analysis of the recently developed strategies to countermeasure the limitations and improve the overall performance of photocatalytic technology for the remediation of TPOME with respect to the preparation of visible light active photocatalyst, strategies to eliminate the need for the recovery of photocatalyst, and parametric optimization of the photocatalytic process. Various properties of the photocatalysts were reviewed and their correlation with the photocatalytic performance for the remediation of TPOME was evaluated. Also, the specific removal rate (mg of COD removed/g catalyst h) was calculated to provide an inclusive and quantitative comparison of individual studies using various photocatalysts, which are barely deliberated in the published literatures. Prospective research needs for resolving the major challenges and improving the competency of photocatalytic technology for practical application in remediation of TPOME are suggested accordingly. This review will enhance our understanding of the photocatalytic technology for the remediation of TPOME and extend the boundary towards the practical application of this technology on an industrial scale.

最近，由于现有处理方法未能符合标准排放限值，研究兴趣已转向开发有效的处理棕榈油厂废水 (TPOME) 修复技术。光催化技术已被公认为修复 TPOME 的极具吸引力且可持续的技术。然而，可见光或太阳光的低效收集、可见光下的修复效率非常低、处理后光催化剂的回收不完全、缺乏性能-性能关系以及缺乏对工艺的理解和参数优化是阻碍的主要挑战。光催化技术在TPOME修复中的实际应用。为了克服现有挑战并提高TPOME的整体修复效率，已经进行了许多调查。这篇综述对最近开发的策略进行了深入和批判性的分析，以克服光催化技术在制备可见光活性光催化剂方面的局限性并提高光催化技术的整体性能，以消除对可见光活性光催化剂的需求。光催化剂的回收，以及光催化过程的参数优化。回顾了光催化剂的各种性质，并评估了它们与光催化修复 TPOME 性能的相关性。还，计算特定去除率（去除的 COD 的毫克数/克催化剂 h）以提供使用各种光催化剂的个别研究的包容性和定量比较，这在已发表的文献中几乎没有讨论过。相应地，提出了解决主要挑战和提高光催化技术在 TPOME 修复中的实际应用能力的前瞻性研究需求。这篇综述将增进我们对修复 TPOME 的光催化技术的理解，并将边界扩展到该技术在工业规模上的实际应用。相应地，提出了解决主要挑战和提高光催化技术在 TPOME 修复中的实际应用能力的前瞻性研究需求。这篇综述将增进我们对修复 TPOME 的光催化技术的理解，并将边界扩展到该技术在工业规模上的实际应用。相应地，提出了解决主要挑战和提高光催化技术在 TPOME 修复中的实际应用能力的前瞻性研究需求。这篇综述将加深我们对修复 TPOME 的光催化技术的理解，并将边界扩展到该技术在工业规模上的实际应用。