An easement is an important usufructuary right, and its main purpose is that one party wants to use the property of others to improve the benefits and interests of his own real estate. Because of the increasing population and accelerating urbanization urban planners have focused on the development and utilization of three-dimensional urban space, namely, underground, near ground and aboveground space, to use the spatial resources fully. Therefore, jurisprudence-confined planar easement must be combined with spatial information from two dimensions (2D) to three dimensions (3D), as well as 2D property boundaries to be extended to 3D to adapt to urban development. This paper focuses on the easement of access, which is the right to cross the property to go to and from another, under the context of 3D cadastres. The model of easement spatialization based on BIM (Building Information Model) specified by IFC (Industry Foundation Class) standards is constructed and analysed. The servient owner and the dominant owner of the easement can be linked because they are both attached to the same physical space. This paper takes a multistory building having individually owned condominium units as an example to demonstrate how to access the semantic information associated with the geometric information of 3D property objects in the BIM/IFC. The research results show that BIM/IFC can optimize the complex presentation of 3D property attributes and is an effective carrier of easement spatialization. The combination of legal information and spatial information of 3D properties not only optimizes the operation and maintenance of buildings but also improves land management and accelerates the development of 3D cities.

中文翻译：

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基于LADM和BIM的地役权空间化两种情况


地役权是一种重要的用益物权，其主要目的是一方想要利用他人的财产来提高自己的房地产的利益和利益。由于人口的不断增加和城市化进程的加快，城市规划者注重对城市三维空间，即地下、近地面和地上空间的开发和利用，以充分利用空间资源。因此，法理上的平面地役权必须结合二维（2D）到三维（3D）的空间信息，以及将2D产权边界延伸至3D，以适应城市发展。本文重点讨论通行权，即在 3D 地籍背景下穿过财产往返于另一财产的权利。构建并分析了基于IFC（工业基础类）标准规定的BIM（建筑信息模型）的地役权空间化模型。地役权的役用所有者和支配性所有者可以联系起来，因为它们都隶属于同一物理空间。本文以拥有独立公寓单元的多层建筑为例，演示如何访问 BIM/IFC 中与 3D 房产对象的几何信息相关的语义信息。研究结果表明，BIM/IFC可以优化3D产权属性的复杂呈现，是地役权空间化的有效载体。 3D物业的法律信息和空间信息的结合，不仅优化了建筑物的运营和维护，而且改善了土地管理，加速了3D城市的发展。