This study utilized 1D carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and 2D graphene nanosheets (GNs) in preparation of 3D microstructured polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites with improved anti-wear and nanomechanical responses. The nanocomposites fabricated through melt compounding using Haake Rheomixer showed well dispersed nanoparticles in the matrix due to the aid of PP grafted maleic anhydride (PP-g-MA) coupling agent. The developed PP-CNTs-GNs hybrid nanocomposite showed lower coefficient of friction compared to the pure PP and its nanocomposites containing individual CNTs and GNs. PP-1CNTs-1GNs hybrid nanocomposite had lower wear rate of about 1.01 × 10⁻⁵ mm³/mN compared to 8.9 × 10⁻⁵ mm³/mN, 4.2 × 10⁻⁵ mm³/mN, and 4.8 × 10⁻⁵ mm³/mN measured for the pure PP, PP-3CNTs and PP-3GNs nanocomposites, respectively. The PP-1CNTs-1GNs nanocomposite respectively showed reduction in mass loss of about 78.7%, 62.2%, and 69.1% when related to the pure PP, PP-3CNTs and PP-3GNs nanocomposites. Maximum hardness and elastic modulus of about 153 MPa and 2.7 GPa were measured for PP-3CNTs-1GNs hybrid nanocomposite, while about 86.4 MPa and 1.5 GPa were recorded for the pure PP, respectively. The enhanced properties of the hybrid nanocomposites are due to the good synergetic effect of CNTs-GNs and the formation of 3D microstructures in the PP matrix with relaxed molecular chains and network hardening of the PP matrix.

本研究利用一维碳纳米管 (CNT) 和二维石墨烯纳米片 (GN) 制备具有改进的抗磨损和纳米力学响应的 3D 微结构聚丙烯 (PP) 纳米复合材料。由于 PP 接枝马来酸酐 (PP-g-MA) 偶联剂的帮助，使用 Haake Rheomixer 通过熔融复合制造的纳米复合材料在基质中显示出良好分散的纳米颗粒。与纯 PP 及其包含单个 CNT 和 GN 的纳米复合材料相比，开发的 PP-CNTs-GNs 混合纳米复合材料显示出较低的摩擦系数。PP-1CNTs-1GNs混杂纳米复合物具有更低的磨损率约1.01×10 ^-5毫米³ / MN相比8.9×10 ^-5毫米³ / MN，4.2×10 ^-5毫米³/mN 和 4.8 × 10 ^-5 mm ³ /mN 分别测量纯 PP、PP-3CNT 和 PP-3GNs 纳米复合材料。当与纯 PP、PP-3CNTs 和 PP-3GNs 纳米复合材料相关时，PP-1CNTs-1GNs 纳米复合材料的质量损失分别减少了约 78.7%、62.2% 和 69.1%。PP-3CNTs-1GNs 混合纳米复合材料的最大硬度和弹性模量分别为 153 MPa 和 2.7 GPa，而纯 PP 的最大硬度和弹性模量分别为 86.4 MPa 和 1.5 GPa。混合纳米复合材料的增强性能是由于 CNTs-GNs 的良好协同作用以及在 PP 基体中形成具有松弛分子链和 PP 基体网络硬化的 3D 微结构。