To overcome the limitations of traditional data collection methods in large-scale farmland wireless sensor network, in this study, we introduce a mobile sink and propose a virtual potential field-based strategy for mobile sink path planning. Virtual potential field-based strategy constructs a virtual field based on the residual energy, data generation rate, location information and cache urgency of nodes in the monitoring area. The stronger the virtual field, the more attractive it will be to mobile sink, which consequently affects the mobile path of sink node. Rendezvous points are selected in accordance with the maximum-farthest criterion, and the shortest path connecting all rendezvous points is taken as the mobile path of sink. Furthermore, the monitoring nodes employ the distance probability transmission strategy to have the transmission moment selected and the energy consumption optimized with reference to the path control information sent by the sink. The virtual potential fields and the rendezvous points are recalculated periodically according to the dynamic changes of both the node residual energy and the real-time cache. The simulation results showed that excellent transmission efficiency and network lifetime, and the combination of virtual potential field-based strategy and distance probability transmission strategy can have the fairness and real time of nodes guaranteed, thus it may meet the needs of large-scale farmland data collection.

为了克服传统数据采集方法在大规模农田无线传感器网络中的局限性，在本研究中，我们引入了一个移动汇，并提出了一种基于虚拟势场的移动汇路径规划策略。基于虚拟势场的策略基于监测区域内节点的剩余能量、数据生成率、位置信息和缓存紧迫性构建虚拟场。虚拟场越强，对移动汇越有吸引力，从而影响汇节点的移动路径。按照最大-最远准则选择交会点，以连接所有交会点的最短路径作为汇点的移动路径。此外，监控节点采用距离概率传输策略，参考sink发送的路径控制信息，选择传输时刻，优化能耗。根据节点剩余能量和实时缓存的动态变化周期性地重新计算虚拟势场和交会点。仿真结果表明，优良的传输效率和网络寿命，基于虚拟势场的策略和距离概率传输策略的结合可以保证节点的公平性和实时性，可以满足大规模农田数据的需求。收藏。根据节点剩余能量和实时缓存的动态变化周期性地重新计算虚拟势场和交会点。仿真结果表明，优良的传输效率和网络寿命，基于虚拟势场的策略和距离概率传输策略的结合可以保证节点的公平性和实时性，可以满足大规模农田数据的需求。收藏。根据节点剩余能量和实时缓存的动态变化周期性地重新计算虚拟势场和交会点。仿真结果表明，优良的传输效率和网络寿命，基于虚拟势场的策略和距离概率传输策略的结合可以保证节点的公平性和实时性，可以满足大规模农田数据的需求。收藏。