Salivary glands are considered the chief exocrine glands of the mouth and physiologically contribute to the maintenance of the homeostasis of the oral cavity. They consist of the parotid, submandibular and sublingual glands, which come in pairs and are collectively called the major glands, and the minor glands, which are much smaller and are dispersed throughout the buccal cavity. Salivary glands are distinguished by their size, amount of saliva secretion and their location in the oral cavity. Salivary glands pathophysiology has been a subject of interest in various worldwide metabolic disorders, including diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus (DM), a global health concern, with a pathological imprint involved in vasculature, promotes microvascular and macrovascular complications among which periodontitis ranks sixth. Indeed, DM has also been directly associated with oral health lesions. Specifically, salivary glands in the context of diabetes have been a focal point of study and emphasis in the research field. There is evidence that relates salivary secretion content and diabetes progression. In this review, we present all the reported evidence of the deregulation of specific salivary proteins associated with the progression of diabetes in parallel with changes in salivary gland morphology, cellular architecture, and salivary secretion and composition more generally.

唾液腺被认为是口腔的主要外分泌腺，在生理上有助于维持口腔的稳态。它们由腮腺、下颌下腺和舌下腺组成，它们成对出现，统称为大腺体，而小腺体则小得多，散布在整个口腔中。唾液腺的特征在于其大小、唾液分泌量及其在口腔中的位置。唾液腺病理生理学一直是世界范围内各种代谢疾病（包括糖尿病）的关注主题。糖尿病（DM）是一个全球性的健康问题，其病理印记涉及脉管系统，促进微血管和大血管并发症，其中牙周炎排名第六。的确，DM 也与口腔健康损伤直接相关。具体而言，糖尿病背景下的唾液腺一直是研究领域的研究重点和重点。有证据表明唾液分泌物含量与糖尿病进展有关。在这篇综述中，我们提供了所有报道的与糖尿病进展相关的特定唾液蛋白失调的证据，以及更普遍的唾液腺形态、细胞结构和唾液分泌和组成的变化。