To identify candidate tear fluid biomarkers in patients with unilateral acute anterior uveitis (AAU) that can aid in the differentiation between these patients and patients with bacterial keratitis or healthy controls. Thirteen patients (40.1 ± 16.2 years of age) with unilateral AAU, seven patients with unilateral bacterial keratitis (40.2 ± 15.3 years of age), and 14 healthy subjects (41.1 ± 11.6 years of age) were included. The tear proteome of affected eyes was compared with that of the unaffected eye or healthy controls. Proteins were identified by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Relative protein ratios were detected and calculated for 272 unique proteins. Compared with healthy controls and the unaffected eye, the top upregulated proteins in AAU eyes were submaxillary gland androgen regulated protein 3B (SMR3B) and SMR3A. Similarly, the top upregulated proteins in bacterial keratitis were S100 calcium-binding protein A9 and orosomucoid 2. The acute phase response protein Serpin Family A Member 3 (SERPINA3) was increased in the healthy eye of AAU patients (P = 0.019) compared with healthy controls. Laser flare measurements in affected eyes of AAU patients showed positive logarithmic correlation with SERPINA3 in tear samples of the unaffected eye (P = 0.022). The use of SERPINA3 as a tear biomarker yielded a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 71% in detecting patients with AAU in the study population. The acute phase response protein SERPINA3 was increased in tear samples of unaffected eyes of patients with unilateral AAU compared with healthy controls. This study highlights SERPINA3 as a potential biomarker for AAU. Future research should explore the dynamic properties of SERPINA3 in the tear fluid of active and quiescent uveitis eyes.

中文翻译：

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单侧急性前葡萄膜炎患者未受影响眼的泪液中的急性时相反应蛋白 SERPINA3 增加

确定单侧急性前葡萄膜炎 (AAU) 患者的候选泪液生物标志物，以帮助区分这些患者与细菌性角膜炎患者或健康对照。包括 13 名单侧 AAU 患者（40.1 ± 16.2 岁）、7 名单侧细菌性角膜炎患者（40.2 ± 15.3 岁）和 14 名健康受试者（41.1 ± 11.6 岁）。将受影响眼睛的泪液蛋白质组与未受影响眼睛或健康对照的泪液蛋白质组进行比较。通过液相色谱串联质谱法和酶联免疫吸附测定法鉴定蛋白质。检测并计算了 272 种独特蛋白质的相对蛋白质比率。与健康对照组和未受影响的眼睛相比，AAU眼中上调最多的蛋白质是颌下腺雄激素调节蛋白3B（SMR3B）和SMR3A。类似地，细菌性角膜炎中最高上调的蛋白质是 S100 钙结合蛋白 A9 和口腔粘蛋白 2。与健康人相比，AAU 患者的健康眼中的急性时相反应蛋白 Serpin Family A 成员 3 (SERPINA3) 增加（P = 0.019）控件。AAU 患者受影响眼睛的激光耀斑测量显示与未受影响眼睛的泪液样本中的 SERPINA3 呈正对数相关性 (P = 0.022)。使用 SERPINA3 作为泪液生物标志物在检测研究人群中的 AAU 患者时产生了 85% 的敏感性和 71% 的特异性。与健康对照相比，单侧 AAU 患者未受影响眼睛的泪液样本中的急性期反应蛋白 SERPINA3 增加。该研究强调 SERPINA3 作为 AAU 的潜在生物标志物。未来的研究应该探索SERPINA3在活动性和静止性葡萄膜炎眼泪液中的动态特性。