The aim of this study is to analyze the initial therapeutic alliance in family therapy with high-conflict divorced parents and identify facilitating elements of change. We sampled 16 family therapy cases (32 parents) from a public healthcare hospital in Spain. Based on the System for Observing Family Therapy Alliances (SOFTA-o) ratings, we divided the total number of cases into two groups, depending on the presence or absence of parents’ positive indicators in the Shared Sense of Purpose dimension (i.e., productive within-family collaboration or within-system alliance). We quantitatively described and compared the initial therapeutic alliance of the two groups. To deeper explore the within-system alliance process of change, we completed the discovery-oriented phase of the Task Analysis methodology. The main differences between groups were found in the Safety dimension, which was higher in the group of cases with indicators of within-system alliance. More detailed differences were also found. The Task Analysis suggested a model of the within-system alliance process of change grounded in three main categories -or stages- that occurred sequentially (1. Narratives of conflict, 2. Narratives of joint responsibility, and 3. Narratives of opportunity) and a category that appeared in different moments across the task resolution (0. Contextualization). Five sub-categories emerged in a recursive movement within categories 1 and 2. Implications and recommendations for practice are described along with limitations and suggestions to continue this line of research.

本研究的目的是分析家庭治疗中与高冲突离婚父母的初始治疗联盟，并确定促进变化的因素。我们从西班牙的一家公立医疗医院抽取了 16 个家庭治疗案例（32 位家长）。基于观察家庭治疗联盟的系统 (SOFTA-o) 评级，我们将案例总数分为两组，具体取决于共同目标感中父母积极指标的存在与否维度（即，富有成效的家庭内部协作或系统内联盟）。我们定量地描述和比较了两组的初始治疗联盟。为了更深入地探索系统内联盟的变化过程，我们完成了任务分析方法论的面向发现阶段。组间的主要差异在于安全维度，在具有系统内联盟指标的案例组中更高。还发现了更详细的差异。任务分析提出了一个基于三个主要类别或阶段的系统内联盟变革过程模型，这些类别或阶段依次发生（1.冲突的叙述，2 . 共同责任的叙述，以及 3.机会的叙述）和在任务解决的不同时刻出现的类别（0.情境化）。在第 1 类和第 2 类的递归运动中出现了五个子类。描述了实践的影响和建议，以及继续这一研究线的局限性和建议。