We use the synthetic control method to determine the economic impact of shale exploitation on Ohio, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia. Estimation results are mixed. The shale development decreased the poverty rate and increased the employment growth rate in Pennsylvania and West Virginia in the short run. Top oil and gas producing counties in West Virginia also experienced short-term personal income growth due to fracking. However, most of the positive impacts disappeared a few years after the initial boom periods. The shale development did not bring significant economic benefits to Ohio. Further, shale drilling activities exert a potential long-term negative effect on population growth in all three states.

中文翻译：

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Marcellus 和 Utica 页岩开采对俄亥俄、宾夕法尼亚和西弗吉尼亚区域经济的影响：综合控制分析

我们使用综合控制方法来确定页岩开采对俄亥俄州、宾夕法尼亚州和西弗吉尼亚州的经济影响。估计结果好坏参半。页岩开发在短期内降低了宾夕法尼亚州和西弗吉尼亚州的贫困率并提高了就业增长率。由于水力压裂，西弗吉尼亚州的主要石油和天然气生产县也经历了短期个人收入增长。然而，大多数积极影响在最初的​​繁荣期后几年就消失了。页岩开发并未给俄亥俄州带来显着的经济效益。此外，页岩钻探活动对所有三个州的人口增长都产生了潜在的长期负面影响。