This article considers the global governance of energy resources as a coordination problem to provide the intermediate global public good of payments and revenues disclosure. The demand for international arrangements to fill this gap resulted in the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative and subsequent US and European Union disclosure standards for extractive industries. EITI has attributes of contested multilateralism such as being a multistakeholder voluntary coalition setting a standard for transparency. US and EU disclosure standards constitute unilateral pathways with a global vocation. The article argues that EITI and US and EU standards are simultaneously competing with and complementing each other, adding regime complexity but ultimately supplying higher disclosure standards in the energy sector.

中文翻译：

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通往能源资源管理透明度全球标准的途径

本文将能源资源的全球治理视为一个协调问题，以提供支付和收入披露的中间全球公共产品。对填补这一空白的国际安排的需求导致了采掘业透明度倡议以及随后的美国和欧盟采掘业披露标准。EITI 具有有争议的多边主义属性，例如作为一个多利益相关方自愿联盟，为透明度设定了标准。美国和欧盟的披露标准构成了具有全球使命的单边途径。文章认为，EITI 与美国和欧盟标准同时竞争和互补，增加了制度的复杂性，但最终为能源部门提供了更高的披露标准。