ABSTRACT

The aim of this paper is to identify and analyse the cultural dimension of vulnerability from a gender perspective in two rural localities of the South Coast of Jalisco, Mexico. This region is exposed to hydro-meteorological hazards and it is expected that, as a result of climate change, its intensity will increase, causing greater disaster risks. We analyse three culturally determined factors that reproduce vulnerabilities differentiated by gender. First, the sexual division of labour, which although showing signs of change in terms of a greater entry of women into the labour market, remains unchanged in assigning unpaid work to the female gender. Inequities related to the sexual division of labour are reinforced during and after the disaster, increasing the vulnerabilities of women. Second, we analyse the differential distribution of power expressed in decision-making processes in the family. Third, we address the masculinization of political power both in terms of a lower presence of women in political participation at the community and municipal level, and in terms of the historically masculinized modalities in the exercise of power that women are adopting. Finally, we insist on the need to build a culture based on equity to consistently reduce vulnerability to disaster risks.

摘要

本文的目的是从性别角度识别和分析墨西哥哈利斯科州南海岸两个农村地区的脆弱性的文化维度。该地区面临水文气象灾害，预计由于气候变化，其强度将增加，造成更大的灾害风险。我们分析了三个文化决定的因素，这些因素再现了按性别区分的脆弱性。首先，劳动的性别分工虽然在女性更多地进入劳动力市场方面显示出变化的迹象，但在将无偿工作分配给女性方面保持不变。与性别分工相关的不平等在灾难期间和之后得到加强，增加了妇女的脆弱性。第二，我们分析了家庭决策过程中表达的权力分配差异。第三，我们解决政治权力男性化的问题，包括女性在社区和市一级政治参与中的比例较低，以及女性在行使权力时采用的历史男性化方式。最后，我们坚持需要建立一种基于公平的文化，以持续降低对灾害风险的脆弱性。