Innovations using emerging technologies are said to improve the productivity and quality of life. However, the diffusion of such innovations can involve risks and uncertainties regarding safety. While these risks are generally managed by governments by means of regulation, the rapid progress of technology means that such regulatory measures are increasingly falling short in governing emerging technologies. This poses challenges to firms when seeking commercialization, because emerging technologies often do not fall under existing product categories and their corresponding regulations. This study answers the question of how emerging technologies can be commercialized, overcoming existing regulatory barriers on safety, by using different regulatory institutions and identifying new roles for governments. The study employs the case study of a healthcare robot, HAL, manufactured by Cyberdyne, and the process used for establishing ISO standards on safety requirements for healthcare robots and robotic devices (ISO13482). It demonstrates how international standards can act as an open platform, allowing interactions among a diverse set of stakeholders to navigate governance mechanisms. It concludes with an exploration of the role of government in managing emerging technologies in an environment of rapid technological change.

据说使用新兴技术的创新可以提高生产力和生活质量。然而，此类创新的传播可能涉及安全方面的风险和不确定性。虽然这些风险通常由政府通过监管来管理，但技术的快速进步意味着此类监管措施在对新兴技术的监管方面越来越达不到要求。这给寻求商业化的公司带来了挑战，因为新兴技术通常不属于现有产品类别及其相应法规。本研究回答了新兴技术如何商业化，克服现有安全监管障碍，通过使用不同的监管机构和确定政府的新角色的问题。该研究采用了 Cyber​​dyne 制造的医疗机器人 HAL 的案例研究，以及用于建立有关医疗机器人和机器人设备安全要求的 ISO 标准 (ISO13482) 的过程。它展示了国际标准如何作为一个开放平台，允许不同利益相关者之间的互动来导航治理机制。最后探讨了政府在快速技术变革的环境中管理新兴技术的作用。