ABSTRACT

Introduction: Vaccine hesitancy, defined as a delay in the acceptance or the refusal of vaccines despite their availability, is a growing global threat. More individuals are turning to social media for health information, including vaccine information. As such, there is an opportunity to leverage online platforms as a means to disseminate and persuade individuals toward vaccine acceptance. We sought to review literature focused on the influence of exposure to social media content on vaccine acceptance or hesitancy.

Areas covered: This review focused on social networking sites (e.g. Facebook) and content communities (e.g. YouTube), to understand how exposure to vaccine information affected vaccine knowledge, attitudes, and intentions/behaviors. We searched PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and Inspec. We included English-language materials published from 2004 to 2020 and included interventional studies, observational studies, and impacts of policies. We excluded systematic reviews, protocols, editorials, letters, case reports, case studies, commentaries, opinion pieces, narrative reviews, and clinical guidelines.

Expert opinion: Social media interventions to affect vaccine acceptance is a new but growing area of study. How a communication message is framed, who delivers the message, and network structure are critical for affecting the vaccine decision-making process. Social media should be leveraged to impact vaccine uptake.

摘要

简介： 疫苗犹豫，定义为尽管有疫苗但延迟接受或拒绝疫苗，是一种日益严重的全球威胁。越来越多的人转向社交媒体获取健康信息，包括疫苗信息。因此，有机会利用在线平台作为传播和说服个人接受疫苗的手段。我们试图回顾专注于接触社交媒体内容对疫苗接受或犹豫的影响的文献。

涵盖的领域：本次审查侧重于社交网站（例如 Facebook）和内容社区（例如 YouTube），以了解接触疫苗信息如何影响疫苗知识、态度和意图/行为。我们检索了 PubMed、CINAHL、Scopus 和 Inspec。我们纳入了 2004 年至 2020 年出版的英语材料，包括干预性研究、观察性研究和政策影响。我们排除了系统评价、方案、社论、信件、病例报告、案例研究、评论、意见、叙述性评论和临床指南。

专家意见：影响疫苗接受度的社交媒体干预是一个新的但不断增长的研究领域。如何构建通信信息、谁传递信息以及网络结构对于影响疫苗决策过程至关重要。应利用社交媒体来影响疫苗的使用。