The single most important experiment of the 20th century was elucidation of the structure of DNA by James D. Watson and Francis H.C. Crick, along with Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin. Watson, Crick, and Wilkins were awarded the 1962 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine “for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material.” (Franklin had died in 1958 and thus was not eligible for the award.) The discovery that there exists a heritable genetic code captured the imagination of the public and continues to have profound biological and social implications. In 1963, the surrealist artist Salvador Dali paid homage to the discovery in his painting, Galacidalacidesoxyribonucleicacid. Today, the discovery is celebrated and remembered in many ways, including my favorite, a plaque at The Eagle pub in Cambridge, United Kingdom, where, in 1953, Watson and Crick first publicly announced the …

中文翻译：

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核苷酸代谢

20 世纪最重要的一个实验是詹姆斯·D·沃森 (James D. Watson) 和弗朗西斯·HC·克里克 (Francis H.C. Crick) 以及莫里斯·威尔金斯 (Maurice Wilkins) 和罗莎琳德·富兰克林 (Rosalind Franklin) 对 DNA 结构的阐明。沃森、克里克和威尔金斯因“关于核酸分子结构及其对生命物质信息传递的重要性的发现”而荣获 1962 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。（富兰克林已于 1958 年去世，因此没有资格获得该奖项。）存在可遗传遗传密码的发现激发了公众的想象力，并继续产生深远的生物学和社会影响。1963年，超现实主义艺术家萨尔瓦多·达利在他的画作《Galacidalacidesoxyribonucleicacid》中向这一发现致敬。如今，人们以多种方式庆祝和纪念这一发现，其中包括我最喜欢的英国剑桥 The Eagle 酒吧的一块牌匾，1953 年，沃森和克里克首次公开宣布了这一发现……