An atmosphere-breathing electric propulsion system uses the rarefied atmospheric molecules as the propellant for the electric thruster. In the best case, it can allow spacecraft complete a long-time mission in the lower Earth orbit without carrying any propellant. In this article, the intake geometry is designed, analysed and optimized to improve the performance of atmospheric particles capture, including collection efficiency and compression ratio. The orthogonal method is used in the simulation test to analyse the sensitivities of main parameters, including the configuration of grid ducts, the configuration of tapered chamber, the length-to-diameter ratio of tapered chamber and the diameter of tube. The results show that the performance of air-intake can be optimized with different parameter combinations. Compared with different intake designs of previous studies, the optimal design in this article shows the better particle capture performance under the same boundary conditions. The particles compression ratio is over 100, and the collection efficiency can reach 81.08%.

吸气式电推进系统使用稀薄的大气分子作为电推进器的推进剂。在最好的情况下，它可以让航天器在不携带任何推进剂的情况下完成低地球轨道的长期任务。在本文中，进气几何结构经过设计、分析和优化，以提高大气颗粒物捕获的性能，包括收集效率和压缩比。在仿真试验中采用正交法对主要参数的敏感性进行分析，包括格栅风管的配置、锥形腔的配置、锥形腔的长径比和管径。结果表明，进气性能可以通过不同的参数组合进行优化。与以往研究的不同进气口设计相比，本文的优化设计在相同的边界条件下显示出更好的颗粒捕获性能。颗粒压缩比100以上，收集效率可达81.08%。