ABSTRACT

Green infrastructure (GI) has become a panacea for cities working to enhance sustainability and resilience. While the rationale for GI primarily focuses on its multifunctionality (e.g. delivering multiple ecosystem services to local communities), uncertainties remain around how, for whom, and to what extent GI delivers these services. Additionally, many scholars increasingly recognize potential disservices of GI, including gentrification associated with new GI developments. Building on a novel dataset of 119 planning documents from 19 U.S. cities, we utilize insights from literature on justice in urban planning to examine the justice implications of criteria used in the siting of GI projects. We analyze the GI siting criteria described in city plans and how they explicitly or implicitly engage environmental justice. We find that justice is rarely explicitly discussed, yet the dominant technical siting criteria that focus on stormwater and economic considerations have justice implications. We conclude with recommendations for centering justice in GI spatial planning.

摘要

绿色基础设施 (GI) 已成为致力于提高可持续性和韧性的城市的灵丹妙药。虽然地理标志的基本原理主要侧重于其多功能性（例如向当地社区提供多种生态系统服务），但不确定性仍然存在于地理标志如何、为谁以及在多大程度上提供这些服务。此外，许多学者越来越认识到 GI 的潜在危害，包括与新 GI 发展相关的高档化。基于来自美国 19 个城市的 119 份规划文件的新数据集，我们利用城市规划正义文献中的见解来研究地理标志项目选址中使用的标准的正义含义。我们分析了城市规划中描述的地理标志选址标准，以及它们如何明确或隐含地参与环境正义。我们发现正义很少被明确讨论，但关注雨水和经济考虑的主要技术选址标准具有正义含义。最后，我们提出了在 GI 空间规划中以正义为中心的建议。