In the proposed research paper, a novel compact, ultra-wideband electronically switchable dual-band omnidirectional to directional radiation pattern microstrip planar printed rectangular monopole antenna (PRMA) has been presented. The proposed antenna system has an optimum size of 0.26 λ0 × 0.28 λ0. A combination of radiators, reflectors, and two symmetrical grounds does place on the same layer of the rectangular microstrip PRMA. The frequency agility and the radiation pattern from omnidirectional to directional are achieved using two SMD PIN diodes (SMP1340-04LF). The directional radiation patterns with 180° phase shifts are achieved at the C-band frequency spectrum. The parametric study of the proposed antenna system was performed for different design parameters, and the antenna characteristics were analyzed. An antenna prototype is fabricated using the printed circuit board etching method by using RMI UV laser etching and cutting tools. The measurements of the proposed antenna are conducted in an anechoic chamber to validate the simulations. There are three states of operations due to two SMD PIN diodes being used in switching circuits. In state-I, the proposed antenna radiates at 6.185 GHz (5.275–6.6 75 GHz) in the Ф = 270° direction with a gain of 2.1 dBi, whereas in state-II, it radiates at 5.715 GHz (5.05–6.8 GHz) in the Ф = 90° direction with a gain of 2.1 dBi. In state-III, the antenna exhibits the X-band frequency with center frequency at 9.93 GHz (8.845–10.49 GHz), and the omnidirectional pattern offers a gain of 4.1 dBi. The features of the proposed antenna are suitable for high-speed wireless sensor network communication in industries such as chemical reactors in oil and gas and pharmaceuticals. It is also well suited for IoT and 5G-sub-6-GHz applications.

在所提出的研究论文中，提出了一种新颖的紧凑型、超宽带电子可切换双频全向定向辐射图微带平面印刷矩形单极天线 (PRMA)。建议的天线系统的最佳尺寸为 0.26 λ 0 × 0.28 λ 0. 辐射器、反射器和两个对称接地的组合确实放置在矩形微带 PRMA 的同一层上。使用两个 SMD PIN 二极管 (SMP1340-04LF) 实现了从全向到定向的频率捷变和辐射图。在 C 波段频谱上实现了具有 180° 相移的定向辐射图。针对不同设计参数对所提出的天线系统进行了参数研究，并对天线特性进行了分析。通过使用 RMI 紫外激光蚀刻和切割工具，使用印刷电路板蚀刻方法制造天线原型。建议的天线的测量在消声室中进行以验证模拟。由于在开关电路中使用了两个 SMD PIN 二极管，因此存在三种操作状态。Ф = 270° 方向，增益为 2.1 dBi，而在状态 II 中，它在Ф = 90° 方向以5.715 GHz（5.05-6.8 GHz）辐射，增益为 2.1 dBi。在状态 III 中，天线呈现 X 波段频率，中心频率为 9.93 GHz（8.845-10.49 GHz），全向模式提供 4.1 dBi 的增益。所提出的天线的特点适用于石油和天然气中的化学反应器和制药等行业的高速无线传感器网络通信。它也非常适合物联网和 5G-sub-6-GHz 应用。