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Bcl-2-dependent autophagy disruption during aging impairs amino acid utilization that is restored by hochuekkito
npj Aging ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-01 , DOI: 10.1038/s41514-021-00065-8
Miwa Nahata 1 , Sachiko Mogami 1 , Hitomi Sekine 1 , Seiichi Iizuka 1 , Naoto Okubo 2 , Naoki Fujitsuka 1 , Hiroshi Takeda 2, 3
Affiliation  

Chronic undernutrition contributes to the increase in frailty observed among elderly adults, which is a pressing issue in the sector of health care for older people worldwide. Autophagy, an intracellular recycling system, is closely associated with age-related pathologies. Therefore, decreased autophagy in aging could be involved in the disruption of energy homeostasis that occurs during undernutrition; however, the physiological mechanisms underlying this process remain unknown. Here, we showed that 70% daily food restriction (FR) induced fatal hypoglycemia in 23–26-month-old (aged) mice, which exhibited significantly lower hepatic autophagy than 9-week-old (young) mice. The liver expressions of Bcl-2, an autophagy-negative regulator, and Beclin1–Bcl-2 binding, were increased in aged mice compared with young mice. The autophagy inducer Tat-Beclin1 D11, not the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin, decreased the plasma levels of the glucogenic amino acid and restored the blood glucose levels in aged FR mice. Decreased liver gluconeogenesis, body temperature, physical activity, amino acid metabolism, and hepatic mitochondrial dynamics were observed in the aged FR mice. These changes were restored by treatment with hochuekkito that is a herbal formula containing several autophagy-activating ingredients. Our results indicate that Bcl-2 upregulation in the liver during the aging process disturbs autophagy activation, which increases the vulnerability to undernutrition. The promotion of liver autophagy may offer clinical therapeutic benefits to frail elderly patients.



中文翻译:

衰老过程中 Bcl-2 依赖的自噬破坏会损害 hochuekkito 恢复的氨基酸利用

慢性营养不良导致老年人虚弱程度增加,这是全球老年人医疗保健领域的一个紧迫问题。自噬是一种细胞内循环系统,与年龄相关的病理学密切相关。因此,衰老过程中自噬减少可能与营养不良期间发生的能量稳态破坏有关。然而,这一过程背后的生理机制仍然未知。在这里,我们发现 70% 的每日食物限制 (FR) 在 23-26 个月大的(老年)小鼠中诱导致命的低血糖,与 9 周龄(年轻)小鼠相比,肝脏自噬显着降低。与年轻小鼠相比,老年小鼠的自噬负调节因子 Bcl-2 和 Beclin1-Bcl-2 结合的肝脏表达增加。自噬诱导剂 Tat-Beclin1 D11,而不是 mTOR 抑制剂雷帕霉素,降低了生糖氨基酸的血浆水平,并恢复了老年 FR 小鼠的血糖水平。在老年 FR 小鼠中观察到肝脏糖异生、体温、体力活动、氨基酸代谢和肝脏线粒体动力学降低。通过使用含有多种自噬激活成分的草药配方 hochuekkito 进行治疗,这些变化得以恢复。我们的结果表明,衰老过程中肝脏中 Bcl-2 的上调会干扰自噬激活,从而增加营养不良的脆弱性。肝脏自噬的促进可能为体弱的老年患者提供临床治疗益处。降低了生糖氨基酸的血浆水平并恢复了老年 FR 小鼠的血糖水平。在老年 FR 小鼠中观察到肝脏糖异生、体温、身体活动、氨基酸代谢和肝脏线粒体动力学降低。通过使用含有多种自噬激活成分的草药配方 hochuekkito 进行治疗,这些变化得以恢复。我们的结果表明,衰老过程中肝脏中 Bcl-2 的上调会干扰自噬激活,从而增加营养不良的脆弱性。促进肝脏自噬可能为体弱的老年患者提供临床治疗益处。降低了生糖氨基酸的血浆水平并恢复了老年 FR 小鼠的血糖水平。在老年 FR 小鼠中观察到肝脏糖异生、体温、身体活动、氨基酸代谢和肝脏线粒体动力学降低。通过使用含有多种自噬激活成分的草药配方 hochuekkito 进行治疗,这些变化得以恢复。我们的结果表明,衰老过程中肝脏中 Bcl-2 的上调会干扰自噬激活,从而增加营养不良的脆弱性。肝脏自噬的促进可能为体弱的老年患者提供临床治疗益处。在老年 FR 小鼠中观察到肝线粒体动力学。通过使用含有多种自噬激活成分的草药配方 hochuekkito 进行治疗,这些变化得以恢复。我们的结果表明,衰老过程中肝脏中 Bcl-2 的上调会干扰自噬激活,从而增加营养不良的脆弱性。肝脏自噬的促进可能为体弱的老年患者提供临床治疗益处。在老年 FR 小鼠中观察到肝线粒体动力学。通过使用含有多种自噬激活成分的草药配方 hochuekkito 进行治疗,这些变化得以恢复。我们的结果表明,衰老过程中肝脏中 Bcl-2 的上调会干扰自噬激活,从而增加营养不良的脆弱性。肝脏自噬的促进可能为体弱的老年患者提供临床治疗益处。

更新日期:2021-07-01
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