Olive-mill wastewater (OMW) is a typical by-product of olive-oil production and an important environmental problem in the Mediterranean region due to the significant amounts of organic matter that resist degradation and the phenolic compounds that have antimicrobial and phytotoxic properties. However, phenols present strong antioxidant activity that can turn olive oil by-products into an inexpensive source of natural antioxidants. Generally, numerous studies on the recovery of polyphenols from OMW have been conducted and several techniques are used individually or in combination. Among them, adsorption is considered to be the best effective and low cost method. So far, few studies have been carried out using sorbents for the removal of OMW phenols. However, the quite high initial cost and the need for a regeneration system make the common sorbent materials less economically viable as adsorbents. Thus, many researchers have focused their efforts on optimizing adsorption process by development of novel, low-cost adsorbents with high adsorptive capacity, such as natural materials originating from food industry byproducts (biosorbents). The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of the recovery of phenolic compounds from OMW using common adsorbents or biosorbents.

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中文翻译：

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酚类化合物吸附处理橄榄厂废水

橄榄厂废水 (OMW) 是橄榄油生产的典型副产品，也是地中海地区的一个重要环境问题，因为其中含有大量抗降解的有机物以及具有抗菌和植物毒性的酚类化合物。然而，酚类具有很强的抗氧化活性，可以将橄榄油副产品转化为廉价的天然抗氧化剂来源。通常，已经对从 OMW 中回收多酚进行了大量研究，并且单独或组合使用了几种技术。其中，吸附被认为是最有效、成本最低的方法。迄今为止，使用吸附剂去除 OMW 酚类的研究很少。然而，相当高的初始成本和对再生系统的需求使得普通吸附剂材料作为吸附剂的经济可行性较低。因此，许多研究人员致力于通过开发具有高吸附能力的新型低成本吸附剂来优化吸附过程，例如源自食品工业副产品的天然材料（生物吸附剂）。本综述的目的是全面总结使用普通吸附剂或生物吸附剂从 OMW 中回收酚类化合物。

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