The short bloom period of Shorea roxburghii G.Don is a technical challenge in the development of a fast and efficient process for recovering essential oils. This study aimed to optimize the conditions for the isolation of essential oil and the determination of the resulting oil's possible bioactivities for fragrance applications. Solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME) coupled with response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to study essential oil from fresh inflorescences. The microwave power and irradiation time were chosen as crucial independent variables, while essential oil yield was the response variable. The physicochemical, antioxidant, olfactory, cytotoxic, and irritant properties of the resulting oil were evaluated. SFME yielded essential oil with a unique and pleasant scent, similar to that of fresh flowers. Increased microwave power and irradiation time increased the oil yield. The proportions of oxygenated compounds with high antioxidant properties were notably higher after SFME than after hydrodistillation. The optimal conditions for maximizing the oil yield were 800 W and 35 min. Among 51 volatile substances, germacrene B, kaur-16-ene, β-caryophyllene, and (E)-linalool oxide (furanoid) were the oil's main components. Low toxicity to primary human dermal fibroblast cells was defined at an oil concentration < 50 μg/mL. Moreover, the application of the extracted volatile oil to hen’s egg-chorioallantoic membrane resulted in a low degree of irritation. This research establishes optimal extraction conditions for the isolation of essential oil with potential for fragrance applications.

刺槐花期短G.Don 是开发快速有效的精油回收工艺的技术挑战。本研究旨在优化分离精油的条件，并确定所得精油在香料应用中的可能生物活性。无溶剂微波萃取 (SFME) 与响应面方法 (RSM) 相结合，用于研究新鲜花序中的精油。选择微波功率和辐照时间作为关键的自变量，而精油产量是响应变量。评估了所得油的物理化学、抗氧化、嗅觉、细胞毒性和刺激性。SFME 生产的精油具有独特而令人愉悦的香味，类似于鲜花的香味。增加微波功率和辐照时间增加了油产量。SFME 后具有高抗氧化性能的含氧化合物的比例明显高于水蒸馏后。使油产量最大化的最佳条件是 800 W 和 35 分钟。在 51 种挥发性物质中，锗烯 B、kaur-16-ene、β-石竹烯和（E）-芳樟醇氧化物（呋喃类）是该油的主要成分。对原代人真皮成纤维细胞的低毒性定义为油浓度 < 50 μg/mL。此外，将提取的挥发油应用于母鸡的卵-绒毛膜尿囊膜导致低程度的刺激。该研究为分离具有香料应用潜力的精油建立了最佳提取条件。