Lodging is an important agronomic trait that affects soybean seed yield. In this study, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from ‘Zhongdou 27’ × ‘Jiunong 20’ (including 112 lines) was used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with lodging of soybean. A genetic map of 2050.27 cM was previously constructed using 4412 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) bins in this population. Three major QTL were identified in the single environment for 3 years, accounting for 12.38–16.5% of the phenotypic variation. Among these QTL, qldg-1 was stable for 3 years and qldg-2 was stable for 2 years. QTL by environment interactions (QEI) mapping was also used to detect QTL. A total of 14 QTL were detected, which could explain 2.62–11.28% of the phenotypic variation. The constructed residual heterozygous lines (RHL) were used for the verification of qldg-1 and qldg-2, and the results showed that these two QTL could significantly improve lodging resistance. In addition, genes in the confidence interval of qldg-1 and qldg-2 were designed to predict the candidates. The results of quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) verification of five genes revealed that two genes (Glyma.17G048100 and Glyma.09G239000) were expressed differentially during the dynamic stages between the parents, demonstrating that these two were the candidates associated with soybean lodging. The QTL and candidate genes related to soybean lodging identified in this study will be of great significance to the future soybean molecular-assisted breeding for lodging resistance.

倒伏是影响大豆种子产量的重要农艺性状。在本研究中，来自'中豆27'×'久农20'（包括112个品系）的重组自交系（RIL）群体被用于鉴定与大豆倒伏相关的数量性状基因座（QTL）。先前使用该群体中的 4412 个单核苷酸多态性 (SNP) 箱构建了 2050.27 cM 的遗传图谱。3 年在单一环境中鉴定出三个主要 QTL，占表型变异的 12.38-16.5%。在这些QTL中，qldg-1稳定3年，qldg-2稳定2年。环境相互作用的 QTL (QEI) 映射也用于检测 QTL。共检测到 14 个 QTL，可以解释 2.62-11.28% 的表型变异。构建的残留杂合系（RHL）用于qldg-1和qldg-2的验证，结果表明这两个QTL均能显着提高抗倒伏性。此外，qldg-1 和 qldg-2 置信区间中的基因被设计来预测候选者。五个基因的实时定量 PCR (qRT-PCR) 验证结果显示，两个基因 (Glyma.17G048100和Glyma.09G239000 ) 在亲本动态阶段差异表达，表明这两个是与大豆倒伏相关的候选者。本研究鉴定的大豆倒伏相关QTL和候选基因对未来大豆抗倒伏分子辅助育种具有重要意义。