WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) is an emerging and exigent technology being used in various applications such as health monitoring, GPS tracking, security, environmental monitoring etc. The energy resource of WSN is limited because of the reduced battery power. Also, it is difficult for the sensor nodes in WSN to recharge their batteries in hostile environments. Therefore, the idea of heterogeneous WSN (H-WSN) is introduced in this work which offers extra energy to the nodes based on energy heterogeneity. Here, a hybrid RDA-BWO (Red Deer Algorithm-Black Widow Optimization) method is presented to perform energy efficient data transfer. Multiple Mobile Sinks (MMSs) are employed in the network to avoid multi-hop communication among CHs and sink. In H-WSN, energy efficient data transfer and MSLP (Mobile Sink Location Prediction) with MMSs integrates the strategies namely FCM (Fuzzy C Means) clustering, RDA based CH (Cluster Head) selection, Data collection and aggregation mechanism, BWO based MSLP, hot-spot elimination and MSTP (Mobile Sink Traversal Path). The entire H-WSN is clustered using FCM algorithm. The CH selection make use of distance parameter, residual energy, average energy, number of node neighbours and ECR (Energy Consumption Rate) for the proposed energy efficacy. The proposed H-WSN is implemented in NS2 platform. Simulation results outperform the baseline protocols on different metrics, such as throughput, network lifetime, network’s residual energy, number of dead nodes, stability period, and number of alive nodes demonstrate the superiority of the proposed RDA-BWO method.

WSN（无线传感器网络）是一种新兴且迫切的技术，被用于健康监测、GPS 跟踪、安全、环境监测等各种应用中。由于电池电量的减少，WSN 的能源资源是有限的。此外，WSN 中的传感器节点很难在恶劣的环境中为其电池充电。因此，在这项工作中引入了异构 WSN（H-WSN）的概念，它基于能量异构为节点提供额外的能量。在这里，提出了一种混合 RDA-BWO（红鹿算法-黑寡妇优化）方法来执行节能数据传输。网络中采用多个移动接收器 (MMS) 来避免 CH 和接收器之间的多跳通信。在 H-WSN 中，具有 MMS 的节能数据传输和 MSLP（移动接收器位置预测）集成了 FCM（模糊 C 均值）聚类、基于 RDA 的 CH（簇头）选择、数据收集和聚合机制、基于 BWO 的 MSLP、热点消除和MSTP（移动接收器遍历路径）。整个 H-WSN 使用 FCM 算法进行聚类。CH 选择利用距离参数、剩余能量、平均能量、节点邻居数和 ECR（能量消耗率）来实现建议的能量效率。提议的 H-WSN 是在 NS2 平台中实现的。仿真结果在吞吐量、网络寿命、网络剩余能量、死节点数量、稳定期和活跃节点数量等不同指标上优于基线协议，证明了所提出的 RDA-BWO 方法的优越性。