The high share of buildings in energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission has led researchers to seek techniques to reduce energy consumption in this sector. In this study, considering a hot and arid climate region, the wall's heat gain was investigated. To reduce energy demand, three techniques of adding PCM, combining absorption chiller with a solar system and dispersing nanoparticles were used and the results were evaluated transiently. In July, the addition of PCM to the building's walls reduced the heat exchange between interior and exterior spaces up to 21%. To cool the interior spaces, the combination of absorption chiller + fan coil was used and several flat plate collectors were integrated with it to reduce energy demand. By collecting energy in solar collectors and using a stratified tank, energy consumption in the generator section was reduced by 450 kWh. Nanoparticles were used to improve the solar system performance and it was found that loading ZnO and Al2O3 nanoparticles is useful. Dispersing ZnO into water increased the energy-saving by 9.5% while the second nanoparticle improved it by 14.5%.

中文翻译：

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将 PCM 加载到建筑物围护结构中以减少热量增益 - 对纳米流体填充太阳能系统进行瞬态热分析

建筑在能源消耗和二氧化碳排放中的高份额促使研究人员寻求降低该领域能源消耗的技术。在这项研究中，考虑到炎热和干旱的气候区域，研究了墙体的热量增加。为了减少能源需求，使用了三种添加 PCM、将吸收式制冷机与太阳能系统相结合以及分散纳米粒子的技术，并对结果进行了瞬时评估。7 月，在建筑物的墙壁上添加 PCM 后，室内外空间之间的热交换减少了 21%。为了冷却内部空间，使用了吸收式制冷机+风机盘管的组合，并集成了几个平板集热器以减少能源需求。通过在太阳能集热器中收集能量并使用分层水箱，发电机部分的能耗降低了 450 千瓦时。纳米粒子被用来改善太阳能系统的性能，发现加载 ZnO 和 Al2O3 纳米粒子是有用的。将 ZnO 分散到水中使节能提高了 9.5%，而第二个纳米粒子则提高了 14.5%。