Based on the cellular automata (CA) method and the principle of wave superposition, this study examines a computational technique to analyze the sound radiation characteristics of arbitrary shape structures. The local evolution rule of the one-dimensional (1D) CA model of Y-function was derived from the acoustic wave equation in spherical coordinate, and the relationship between Y-function and sound pressure was used to calculate the sound pressure value. On this basis, the 1D CA model of sound propagation for pulsating sphere source was established, and the superimposed sound field of multiple sphere sources in two-dimensional (2D) space was analyzed. Furthermore, combined with the principle of the wave superposition, the acoustic radiation characteristics of a rectangular piston in three-dimensional (3D) space were discussed, and the feasibility of the proposed method was verified by experiments. Finally, by introducing the finite element method, the calculation method of noise radiated by the 3D structure under external loads was presented, and the radiated sound field of a simply supported beam under loads was analyzed. The results shown that the proposed method could avoid anisotropic updating of cell state variables in the traditional 2D CA model. Moreover, the modeling was simpler, the calculation accuracy and efficiency were also higher. The results calculated by the proposed method matched well with the analytical solutions, experimental results, and numerical results, which indicated the veracity of the calculation method. The proposed method can provide a novel way for noise calculation of engineering structures.

本研究基于元胞自动机 (CA) 方法和波叠加原理，研究了一种计算技术来分析任意形状结构的声辐射特性。一维（1D）CA的模型的局部演变规律ý -function从声波方程在球坐标，和之间的关系导出ÿ-函数和声压用于计算声压值。在此基础上，建立脉动球源声传播一维CA模型，对二维（2D）空间中多个球源的叠加声场进行分析。此外，结合波叠加原理，讨论了矩形活塞在三维（3D）空间中的声辐射特性，并通过实验验证了所提方法的可行性。最后，通过引入有限元方法，提出了外荷载作用下3D结构辐射噪声的计算方法，并对简支梁在荷载作用下的辐射声场进行了分析。结果表明，该方法可以避免传统二维CA模型中细胞状态变量的各向异性更新。而且，建模更简单，计算精度和效率也更高。所提方法的计算结果与解析解、实验结果和数值结果吻合良好，表明了计算方法的正确性。该方法可为工程结构的噪声计算提供一种新的方法。