This work involves the application of process safety concepts to other fields, specifically bow tie analysis and inherently safer design (ISD) to COVID-19. An analysis framework was designed for stakeholders to develop COVID-19 risk management plans for specific scenarios and receptor groups. This tool is based on the incorporation of the hierarchy of controls (HOC) within bow tie analysis to identify priority barriers. The analysis framework incorporates inherently safer design (ISD) principles allowing stakeholders to assess the adequacy of controls along with the consideration of degradation factors and controls. A checklist has also been developed to help stakeholders identify opportunities to apply the ISD principles of minimization, substitution, moderation, and simplification. This work also considers barrier effectiveness with respect to human and organization factors (HOF) in degradation factors and controls.

This paper includes a collection of bow tie elements to develop bow tie diagrams for specific receptor groups and scenarios in Nova Scotia, Canada. The pandemic stage (At-Peak or Post-Peak) and its influence on different scenarios or settings is also considered in this work. Bow tie diagrams were developed for numerous receptor groups; bow tie diagrams modelling a generally healthy individual, a paramedic and a hair salon patron contracting COVID-19 are presented in this work.

这项工作涉及将过程安全概念应用于其他领域，特别是针对 COVID-19 的领结分析和本质安全设计 (ISD)。为利益相关者设计了一个分析框架，以便针对特定场景和受体群体制定 COVID-19 风险管理计划。该工具基于将控制层次结构 (HOC) 纳入领结分析中，以识别优先障碍。该分析框架纳入了本质上更安全的设计（ISD）原则，允许利益相关者评估控制措施的充分性，同时考虑退化因素和控制措施。还制定了一份清单，以帮助利益相关者确定应用 ISD 最小化、替代、适度和简化原则的机会。这项工作还考虑了降解因素和控制中与人为和组织因素 (HOF) 相关的屏障有效性。

本文包含一系列领结元素，用于为加拿大新斯科舍省的特定受体组和场景开发领结图。这项工作还考虑了大流行阶段（高峰或高峰后）及其对不同场景或环境的影响。为许多受体组开发了领结图；这项工作中展示了领结图，该图模拟了一名总体健康的个人、一名护理人员和一名感染了 COVID-19 的美发沙龙顾客。