Methylphenidate and atomoxetine treatment negatively affect physical growth indexes of school-age children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder,Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

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Methylphenidate and atomoxetine treatment negatively affect physical growth indexes of school-age children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2021.173225
Lanliu Deng ₁ , Ping Zhou ₁ , Lin Zhu ₁ , Yu Zhang ₂ , Ting Yang ₃ , Qiuxia Zhao ₄ , Jie Chen ₃ , Tingyu Li ₁ , Qian Cheng ₁ , Li Chen ₁

Affiliation

Growth, Development, and Mental Health Center of Children and Adolescents, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Chongqing 400014, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorder, Chongqing 400014, China; China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China.
Growth, Development, and Mental Health Center of Children and Adolescents, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorder, Chongqing 400014, China; China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China.
Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Chongqing 400014, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorder, Chongqing 400014, China; China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, China.
Department of Pediatric, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming 650034, China.

Aim

To determine the effects of drug therapy on the physical growth of school-age children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Method

The medical records of 86 participants (average age: 8.9 ± 2.2 years) with ADHD prescribed methylphenidate (MPH) or atomoxetine (ATX) for ≥24 weeks from the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were analysed.

Results

The Z-scores of height, weight and body mass index (BMI) of children with ADHD decreased significantly over the first six months of MPH treatment (P < 0.001). The slopes of the fitting lines after the first six months of MPH (−0.18, −0.58 and −0.69, respectively) returned over the entire treatment (the slopes changed to −0.027, −0.26 and −0.20, respectively). For ATX, the Z-scores of height of children decreased significantly over the first six months (P < 0.001), but the Z-scores of weight and BMI did not (P > 0.05). The slopes of the fitting lines after the first six months of ATX (−0.058, −0.032 and 0.0094, respectively) changed over the entire treatment (slopes were 0.16, 0.52 and 0.26, respectively). Children taking MPH were more likely to report decreased appetite (P < 0.05). The weight and BMI of the children receiving MPH were significantly correlated with decreased appetite (P < 0.01).

Conclusion

The physical growth indexes (PGIs) of school-age children and adolescents with ADHD were negatively affected while taking MPH, and these effects were gradually mitigated with continued treatment. ATX hardly had negative effects on weight and BMI. Neither MPH nor ATX had a significant negative effect on the height of children in long-term ADHD treatment. It is necessary for clinicians to consider children's diet during treatment.

中文翻译：

哌甲酯和托莫西汀治疗对注意力缺陷/多动障碍学龄儿童和青少年的身体生长指标产生负面影响

目标

确定药物治疗对患有注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 的学龄儿童和青少年身体发育的影响。

方法

分析了重庆医科大学儿童医院 86 名患有多动症的参与者（平均年龄：8.9±2.2 岁）的医疗记录，他们服用哌甲酯 (MPH) 或托莫西汀 (ATX) ≥24 周。

结果

在 MPH 治疗的前六个月，ADHD 儿童的身高、体重和体重指数 (BMI) 的 Z 值显着下降（P < 0.001）。在 MPH 的前六个月后拟合线的斜率（分别为 -0.18、-0.58 和 -0.69）在整个处理中恢复（斜率分别变为 -0.027、-0.26 和 -0.20）。对于 ATX，前 6 个月儿童身高的 Z 值显着下降（P < 0.001），但体重和 BMI 的 Z 值没有（P > 0.05））。ATX 的前六个月后拟合线的斜率（分别为 -0.058、-0.032 和 0.0094）在整个治疗过程中发生了变化（斜率分别为 0.16、0.52 和 0.26）。服用 MPH 的儿童更有可能报告食欲下降（P < 0.05）。接受 MPH 的儿童的体重和 BMI 与食欲下降显着相关（P < 0.01）。