Commercial insecticide aerosol sprays are widely used in households for controlling Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus, the primary vectors of dengue virus and filarial worm, respectively. In Thailand, however, both mosquitoes are resistant to pyrethroids conferred by knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations, V1016G and F1534C in Ae. aegypti and L1014F in Cx. quinquefasciatus. This study evaluated the efficacy of five sprays (coded as AS1-AS5) with different formulations of pyrethroids against wild mosquitoes by using a cage bioassay in a furnished bedroom of a house. Five cages containing wild mosquitoes and five cages containing a pyrethroid susceptible strain of Ae. aegypti (25 females each), as a bio-indicator, were allocated in the room and spraying was operated for 15 s. Survivors and dead mosquitoes were genotyped individually for the kdr mutations using allele-specific PCR methods. Both mosquito species showed a high resistance to permethrin and deltamethrin with 12.5–58.0% mortality rates. For controlling Ae. aegypti, the spray AS4 showed the highest efficacy (mortality rates 76.0–100.0%, mean 95.2%), followed by AS2 (73.0–100.0%, mean 93.8%). For controlling Cx. quinquefasciatus, the best result was obtained from AS4 (66.0–98.0% mortality, mean 89.8%), followed by AS2 (73.0–97.0%, mean 84.5%). The sprays (AS4 and AS2) containing both type I and type II pyrethroids were more effective than those containing only type I pyrethroids or pyrethrum with the synergist piperonyl butoxide. The mutant G1016 and F1014 allele frequencies were significantly higher in the survivor groups than the dead groups of Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus, respectively, (P < 0.05). The efficacy of the sprays varied depending on the mosquito species, formulations, nozzles and locations of caged mosquitoes. The V1016G and L1014F mutations are associated with the reduced efficacy of sprays used in households for controlling resistant Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus mosquitoes, respectively.

商业杀虫气雾剂喷雾剂广泛用于家庭控制埃及伊蚊和库蚊，分别是登革热病毒和丝虫的主要载体。然而，在泰国，两种蚊子都对Ae 中的V1016G 和 F1534C基因敲除抗性 ( kdr ) 突变赋予的拟除虫菊酯具有抗性。埃及伊蚊和L1014F在CX。金雀花。本研究通过在房屋的一间带家具的卧室中使用笼子生物测定来评估具有不同拟除虫菊酯配方的五种喷雾剂（编码为 AS1-AS5）对野生蚊子的功效。包含野生蚊子的五个笼子和包含Ae拟除虫菊酯敏感菌株的五个笼子。埃及（每人 25 只雌性）作为生物指示剂，被分配在房间内并进行 15 秒的喷洒。使用等位基因特异性 PCR 方法分别对幸存者和死蚊子的kdr突变进行基因分型。两种蚊子都对氯菊酯和溴氰菊酯表现出高抗性，死亡率为 12.5-58.0%。用于控制Ae。aegypti 中，喷雾 AS4 显示出最高的疗效（死亡率 76.0-100.0%，平均 95.2%），其次是 AS2（73.0-100.0%，平均 93.8%）。用于控制Cx。金雀花，最佳结果来自 AS4（死亡率 66.0-98.0%，平均 89.8%），其次是 AS2（73.0-97.0%，平均 84.5%）。含有 I 型和 II 型拟除虫菊酯的喷雾剂（AS4 和 AS2）比仅含有 I 型拟除虫菊酯或除虫菊酯与增效剂胡椒基丁醚的喷雾剂更有效。Ae存活组的突变 G1016 和 F1014 等位基因频率显着高于死亡组。埃及和Cx。quinquefasciatus，分别为（P  < 0.05）。喷雾剂的功效因蚊子种类、配方、喷嘴和笼中蚊子的位置而异。V1016G 和 L1014F 突变与家庭使用的喷雾剂控制抗药性埃伊蚊的功效降低有关。埃及和Cx。quinquefasciatus蚊子，分别。