Abstract

Faced with the increasing shortage of conventional oil, heavy oil has shown great potential. However, high viscosity of heavy oil hinder the use of traditional exploitation and transportation methods. Emulsifying viscosity reduction has been widely applied due to the advantages of excellent effect and simple process. To better guide researchers in screening and designing emulsifying viscosity reducers, the review mainly collected the application of surfactants including cationic types, anionic types, nonionic types and anionic-nonionic composite types, in emulsifying viscosity reduction in the past five years, and briefly analyzed the current challenges and future development trends.

摘要

面对常规石油日益短缺，重油显示出巨大潜力。然而，稠油的高粘度阻碍了传统开采和运输方式的使用。乳化降粘以其效果好、工艺简单等优点得到了广泛的应用。为更好地指导科研人员筛选和设计乳化降粘剂，本综述主要收集了近五年来阳离子型、阴离子型、非离子型和阴-非复合型表面活性剂在乳化降粘中的应用情况，并简要分析了当前的挑战和未来的发展趋势。