In this study, various fruit were employed as biocontrol yeast reservoirs, and eleven distinct yeast cultures of Metschnikowia sp. belonging to 6 different species were identified with sequence-based analysis of the D1/D2 domain of 26S rDNA. For initial screening, Metschnikowia isolates were tested on Fusarium oxysporum, Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium digitatum, Penicillium expansum, and Alternaria alternata. The highest antagonism was obtained on green and blue Penicillium (83.63–100 %). All tested yeasts showed chitinase activity, while some had protease, pectinase, cellulase, β-1−3 glucanase, and gelatinase activities. Since lemons have high pectin content, three pectinase-free cultures at tested conditions with high in vitro antagonism on Penicillium were selected and used on lemons. The activities of the in vitro antifungal studies were found to be compatible with those of the in vivo, and P. digitatum's incidence was found to be higher than that of P. expansum on lemons. All tested pectinase-free Metschnikowia sp. lead to a significant reduction in the disease incidences and lesions at varying levels. The combined effect of lytic enzyme secretion, iron depletion, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) production determined the antifungal mechanism of action. M. aff. fructicola demonstrated the highest biocontrol efficacy against Penicillium on lemons with an increasing shelf-life. The use of tentatively pectinase-negative Metschnikowia sp. as an antifungal biocontrol agent on lemons was considered for the first time. The findings will shed light on the effective use of Metschnikowia sp. as a potential biofungicide against the growth of postharvest fungal pathogens.

在这项研究中，各种水果被用作生物控制酵母库，以及Metschnikowia sp. 的11 种不同酵母培养物。通过对 26S rDNA 的 D1/D2 结构域进行基于序列的分析，鉴定了属于 6 个不同物种的 对于初步筛选，在尖孢镰刀菌、灰葡萄孢菌、指状青霉、膨胀青霉和链格孢菌上测试了Metschnikowia分离株。对绿色和蓝色青霉菌获得了最高的拮抗作用(83.63–100%)。所有测试的酵母都显示出几丁质酶活性，而一些具有蛋白酶、果胶酶、纤维素酶、β-1-3 葡聚糖酶和明胶酶活性。由于柠檬果胶含量高，因此选择了三种在测试条件下对青霉菌具有高体外拮抗作用的无果胶酶培养物，并将其用于柠檬。所述的活动的体外抗真菌研究，发现与那些的相容体内，和青霉的发生率被发现是比的更高扩展青霉上柠檬。所有经过测试的无果胶酶Metschnikowiasp. 导致不同程度的疾病发生率和病变显着减少。裂解酶分泌、铁耗竭和挥发性有机化合物 (VOC) 产生的综合作用决定了抗真菌作用机制。M. aff。fructicola对柠檬上的青霉菌表现出最高的生物防治功效，并延长了保质期。暂时使用果胶酶阴性的Metschnikowia sp。作为柠檬的抗真菌生物防治剂被首次考虑。研究结果将阐明Metschnikowia sp.的有效利用。作为一种潜在的生物杀菌剂，可对抗收获后真菌病原体的生长。