Rotations of microscale rigid bodies exhibit pronounced quantum phenomena that do not exist for their centre-of-mass motion. By levitating nanoparticles in ultra-high vacuum, researchers are developing a promising platform for observing and exploiting these quantum effects in an unexplored mass and size regime. Recent experimental and theoretical breakthroughs demonstrate exquisite control of nanoscale rotations, setting the stage for the first tabletop tests of rotational superpositions and for the next generation of ultra-precise torque sensors. Here, we review the experimental state of the art and discuss promising routes towards quantum rotations.

中文翻译：

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纳米粒子的量子旋转

微尺度刚体的旋转表现出明显的量子现象，这在它们的质心运动中是不存在的。通过在超高真空中悬浮纳米粒子，研究人员正在开发一个有前途的平台，用于在未探索的质量和尺寸范围内观察和利用这些量子效应。最近的实验和理论突破证明了对纳米级旋转的精确控制，为旋转叠加的第一次桌面测试和下一代超精密扭矩传感器奠定了基础。在这里，我们回顾了现有技术的实验状态并讨论了实现量子旋转的有希望的途径。