ABSTRACT

In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) had declared the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Three weeks after WHO’s declaration, almost 900,000 cases of COVID-19 were confirmed, with more than 43,000 deaths worldwide. Containment measures were recommended, such as social distancing and hand hygiene. Although they are known to be helpful to slow down the spread of the COVID-19, the efficiency of these measures depends on people’s adherence. We explore whether personality traits account for variations in the commitment to the COVID-19 containment measures. The sample consisted of 814 Brazilian adults who answered a questionnaire about adherence to COVID-19 containment measures (COVID-19 questionnaire), factors of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5), and the affective resonance factor of the Affective and Cognitive Measure of Empathy (ACME). We conducted a network analysis. All connections observed in the network analysis were significant (p < .05). Empathy was the personality trait to present more connections to the COVID-19 questionnaire variables. The strongest positive connection was observed for emotional lability (PID-5) and the tendency to be concern about others getting the COVID-19 (COVID-19 questionnaire). Our findings indicated that empathy and emotional lability might be key traits directly associated with the propensity to adhere to the COVID-19 containment measures.

摘要

2020 年 3 月，世界卫生组织 (WHO) 宣布 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 大流行。世卫组织宣布三周后，已确认近 900,000 例 COVID-19 病例，全球有 43,000 多人死亡。建议采取遏制措施，例如保持社交距离和手部卫生。尽管众所周知它们有助于减缓 COVID-19 的传播，但这些措施的效率取决于人们的坚持。我们探讨了人格特征是否会导致对 COVID-19 遏制措施的承诺发生变化。该样本由 814 名巴西成年人组成，他们回答了一份关于遵守 COVID-19 遏制措施的问卷（COVID-19 问卷）、DSM-5 人格量表 (PID-5) 的因素、以及情感和认知移情测量（ACME）的情感共振因子。我们进行了网络分析。在网络分析中观察到的所有连接都是显着的（p < .05 )。同理心是与 COVID-19 问卷变量有更多联系的人格特征。在情绪不稳定 (PID-5) 和担心他人感染 COVID-19 的倾向（COVID-19 问卷）方面观察到最强的积极联系。我们的研究结果表明，同理心和情绪不稳定可能是与遵守 COVID-19 遏制措施的倾向直接相关的关键特征。