The present study investigates the association of COVID-19 virus transmission with atmospheric and air quality parameters including temperature, moisture, particulate matter (PM), and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂). The variation in the reproduction number (R₀; a measure to reflect the infectiousness of a disease) for COVID-19 transmission is evaluated for tropical and mid-latitude countries. Results suggest that mid-latitude atmospheric conditions are more favorable to COVID-19 transmission as compared to the tropical atmosphere. The peak value of R₀ was noted as 2.35 (95% CI 2.11–2.57) on 23 March 2020, and it decreased significantly due to strict lockdown from 25 March 2020 to 1 April 2020. The R₀ value further increased after 1 April 2020 over India, and the value of R₀ was found to be greater than 1, indicating that the epidemic was active. Moreover, the present study was also extended to understand the impact of global/Indian lockdowns on air quality and R₀ value for COVID-19 transmission. Our findings revealed that the global/Indian lockdown helped reduce the R₀ value of COVID-19 transmission, which is associated with atmospheric and air quality parameters. Furthermore, a significant reduction in air pollution over India during the lockdown also has implications for continued exploration of clean energy prospects in the future.

本研究调查了 COVID-19 病毒传播与大气和空气质量参数的关系，包括温度、湿度、颗粒物 (PM) 和二氧化氮 (NO ₂ )。对热带和中纬度国家的 COVID-19 传播的繁殖数（R _{0 ；反映疾病传染性的衡量标准）的变化进行了评估。}结果表明，与热带大气相比，中纬度大气条件更有利于 COVID-19 的传播。R ₀的峰值在 2020 年 3 月 23 日被记录为 2.35（95% CI 2.11–2.57），由于从 2020 年 3 月 25 日到 2020 年 4 月 1 日的严格封锁，它显着下降。R ₀2020 年 4 月 1 日之后，印度上空值进一步上升，发现R ₀值大于 1，表明疫情处于活跃状态。此外，本研究还扩展到了解全球/印度封锁对空气质量和COVID-19 传播的R ₀值的影响。我们的研究结果表明，全球/印度的封锁有助于降低与大气和空气质量参数相关的 COVID-19 传播的R _0值。此外，封锁期间印度空气污染的显着减少也对未来继续探索清洁能源前景产生了影响。