The ecosystem approach to aquaculture (EAA) is a strategy for the sustainable development of the aquaculture sector, but the question of how it can be practically implemented remains unclear. Indicators that can be applied at relevant scales of impact and that reflect the environmental status and change offer a means of operationalizing EAA. Therefore, a systematic literature review was carried out to identify environmental indicators referenced in salmon aquaculture literature and review their potential to support EAA. Using the PRISMA method for selecting journal papers, 101 articles that included 531 indicators were reviewed. Indicators were characterized based on the effect of aquaculture they measure, their similarity to other indicators extracted, and the scale at which they were applied. Indicators and their characteristics are presented in a searchable online database. A scoring method for evaluating indicators based on criteria drawn from environmental indicator literature and the potential scalability of indicators to meet the needs of EAA was developed and applied to the most frequently referenced indicators. Overall, near-field indicators of benthic impacts dominated salmon aquaculture literature. Of the most frequently referenced indicators, those that scored highest based on criteria drawn from environmental indicator literature also scored highest on scalability and therefore their potential contribution to EAA. Overall, results suggest that additional research and application of far-field environmental indicators in salmon aquaculture will be required to identify a suite of indicators that can be applied as part of EAA practice.

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三文鱼养殖研究中的环境指标：系统评价

水产养殖生态系统方法（EAA）是水产养殖部门可持续发展的一项战略，但如何实际实施仍不清楚。可以在相关影响范围内应用并反映环境状况和变化的指标为实施 EAA 提供了一种手段。因此，进行了系统的文献回顾，以确定鲑鱼水产养殖文献中引用的环境指标，并回顾它们支持 EAA 的潜力。使用 PRISMA 方法选择期刊论文，审查了 101 篇文章，包括 531 项指标。指标的特点是基于它们测量的水产养殖效果、它们与提取的其他指标的相似性以及它们的应用规模。指标及其特征呈现在可搜索的在线数据库中。基于从环境指标文献中提取的标准和指标的潜在可扩展性以满足 EAA 的需要，开发了一种评估指标的评分方法，并将其应用于最常引用的指标。总体而言，底栖影响的近场指标主导了鲑鱼水产养殖文献。在最常引用的指标中，根据环境指标文献中的标准得分最高的指标在可扩展性方面得分最高，因此它们对 EAA 的潜在贡献也最高。全面的，