This paper examines the factors determining the subnational geographic location of the investments of multinational enterprises (MNEs). Building on the tension between the costs and benefits that agglomeration confers on firms, we compare and contrast Marshallian and Jacobian agglomeration mechanisms to understand the micro-location patterns of domestic and foreign firms. We test these ideas on a dataset of 387.000 workplace-year observations located across 93 municipalities in Denmark. The results show that while agglomeration is systematically related to both foreign and domestic location patterns, some of these relationships vary across agglomeration types and across subsamples of domestic and foreign workplaces. We also demonstrate the importance of controlling for global connectivity, which may otherwise confound these relationships.

本文研究了决定跨国企业 (MNEs) 投资的地方地理位置的因素。基于集聚赋予企业的成本和收益之间的张力，我们比较和对比了马歇尔集聚机制和雅可比集聚机制，以了解国内外企业的微观区位模式。我们在位于丹麦 93 个城市的 387.000 个工作场所年观察数据集上测试这些想法。结果表明，虽然集聚与国外和国内的区位模式系统地相关，但其中一些关系因集聚类型和国内和国外工作场所的子样本而异。我们还展示了控制全球连通性的重要性，否则可能会混淆这些关系。