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Forest-Based Ecotourism in Sri Lanka: A Review on State of Governance, Livelihoods, and Forest Conservation Outcomes
Journal of Sustainable Forestry ( IF 1.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-30 , DOI: 10.1080/10549811.2021.1943450
Mangala De Zoysa 1
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT

Forest-based ecotourism in global perspective is managed by various stakeholders while promoting sustainable forest management. This review article attempts to identify forest-based ecotourism destinations in Sri Lanka, analyze the experiences of good governance, and evaluate local livelihoods and forest conservation outcomes. Within the diverse landscapes, national park and sanctuaries, rain forest trails, conservation forest trials, wetland sanctuaries, and indigenous operated ecotourism ventures are identified as the appropriate destinations. The experiences of good governance are discussed in terms of structure and integration, involvement and management, accountability practices, and culture of transparency. The enrichment of the local livelihoods is evaluated based on natural, physical, social, financial, and human capital development. The natural resource conservation activities prevention of deforestation and forest degradation, preservation of biological diversity, improvement of long-term production capacity of ecosystems, and wise management of natural resources are elaborated through local community outcomes, visitor outcomes, natural biophysical environment outcomes, wildlife outcomes, and organizational outcomes. Resource exploitation, gene piracy, wildlife crimes, and trade of protected flora and fauna have been examined as the bad side of the ecotourism. The policies suggested for sustainable development are conceptualization of ecotourism, community-based ecotourism, scientific and systematic process, and appropriate code of ethics and conduct.



中文翻译:

斯里兰卡以森林为基础的生态旅游:治理状况、生计和森林保护成果回顾

摘要

全球视野下的以森林为基础的生态旅游由各种利益相关者管理,同时促进可持续森林管理。这篇评论文章试图确定斯里兰卡以森林为基础的生态旅游目的地,分析良好治理的经验,并评估当地生计和森林保护成果。在多样化的景观中,国家公园和保护区、雨林小径、保护森林试验、湿地保护区和土著经营的生态旅游企业被确定为合适的目的地。从结构和整合、参与和管理、问责制实践和透明度文化等方面讨论了良好治理的经验。当地生计的丰富程度是根据自然、物质、社会、金融和人力资本发展来评估的。通过当地社区成果、游客成果、自然生物物理环境成果、野生动物成果,阐述了防止毁林和森林退化、保护生物多样性、提高生态系统长期生产能力以及对自然资源进行明智管理的自然资源保护活动和组织成果。资源开发、基因盗版、野生动物犯罪和受保护动植物贸易已被视为生态旅游的不利方面。为可持续发展提出的政策是生态旅游的概念化、以社区为基础的生态旅游、科学和系统的过程,以及适当的道德和行为准则。通过当地社区成果、游客成果、自然生物物理环境成果、野生动物成果和组织成果,对生物多样性的保护、生态系统长期生产能力的提高和自然资源的明智管理进行了阐述。资源开发、基因盗版、野生动物犯罪和受保护动植物贸易已被视为生态旅游的不利方面。为可持续发展提出的政策是生态旅游的概念化、以社区为基础的生态旅游、科学和系统的过程,以及适当的道德和行为准则。通过当地社区成果、游客成果、自然生物物理环境成果、野生动物成果和组织成果,对生物多样性的保护、生态系统长期生产能力的提高和自然资源的明智管理进行了阐述。资源开发、基因盗版、野生动物犯罪和受保护动植物贸易已被视为生态旅游的不利方面。为可持续发展提出的政策是生态旅游的概念化、以社区为基础的生态旅游、科学和系统的过程,以及适当的道德和行为准则。野生动物成果和组织成果。资源开发、基因盗版、野生动物犯罪和受保护动植物贸易已被视为生态旅游的不利方面。为可持续发展提出的政策是生态旅游的概念化、以社区为基础的生态旅游、科学和系统的过程,以及适当的道德和行为准则。野生动物成果和组织成果。资源开发、基因盗版、野生动物犯罪和受保护动植物贸易已被视为生态旅游的不利方面。为可持续发展提出的政策是生态旅游的概念化、以社区为基础的生态旅游、科学和系统的过程,以及适当的道德和行为准则。

更新日期:2021-06-30
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