ABSTRACT

Thermochemical processes are considered as a promising technology for sewage sludge management, which could achieve volume reduction, energy and resource recovery, and effective destruction of pathogens. However, there are still many technology limitations and challenges of the thermochemical processes toward industrialization and commercialization. This review first briefly discusses the impact of sewage sludge on environmental sustainability and its current treatment and disposal methods. Typical thermochemical conversion technologies i.e., incineration/combustion, pyrolysis, gasification, and hydrothermal liquefaction for energy and resource recovery from sewage sludge are then comprehensively summarized. Subsequently, the technical challenges of thermochemical conversion of sewage sludge and the solutions that have been and/or are being developed to address the challenges are in-depth analyzed. Meanwhile, the prospects and future directions of the thermochemical technologies are outlined. In addition, the economic analysis and life cycle assessment of thermochemical conversion technologies are evaluated. Finally, the conclusions are put forward.

摘要

热化学过程被认为是一种很有前途的污水污泥管理技术，可以实现减容、能源和资源回收以及有效破坏病原体。然而，热化学过程的工业化和商业化仍然存在许多技术限制和挑战。本综述首先简要讨论了污水污泥对环境可持续性的影响及其当前的处理和处置方法。然后全面总结了典型的热化学转化技术，即焚烧/燃烧、热解、气化和水热液化，用于从污水污泥中回收能源和资源。随后，深入分析了污水污泥热化学转化的技术挑战以及已经和/或正在开发的解决方案以应对这些挑战。同时，概述了热化学技术的前景和未来方向。此外，还评估了热化学转化技术的经济分析和生命周期评估。最后，提出结论。