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Management of children and young people with idiopathic pituitary stalk thickening, central diabetes insipidus, or both: a national clinical practice consensus guideline
The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health ( IF 19.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-30 , DOI: 10.1016/s2352-4642(21)00088-2
Manuela Cerbone 1 , Johannes Visser 2 , Chloe Bulwer 3 , Ashraf Ederies 4 , Kirtana Vallabhaneni 5 , Stephen Ball 6 , Ian Kamaly-Asl 7 , Ashley Grossman 8 , Helena Gleeson 9 , Márta Korbonits 10 , Vasanta Nanduri 11 , Vaya Tziaferi 12 , Tom Jacques 13 , Helen A Spoudeas 1
Affiliation  

Unexplained or idiopathic pituitary stalk thickening or central diabetes insipidus not only harbours rare occult malignancies in 40% of cases but can also reflect benign congenital defects. Between 2014 and 2019, a multidisciplinary, expert national guideline development group in the UK systematically developed a management flowchart and clinical practice guideline to inform specialist care and improve outcomes in children and young people (aged <19 years) with idiopathic pituitary stalk thickening, central diabetes insipidus, or both. All such cases of idiopathic pituitary stalk thickening and central diabetes insipidus require dynamic pituitary function testing, specialist pituitary imaging, measurement of serum β-human chorionic gonadotropin and alpha-fetoprotein concentrations, chest x-ray, abdominal ultrasonography, optometry, and skeletal survey for occult disease. Stalk thickening of 4 mm or more at the optic chiasm, 3 mm or more at pituitary insertion, or both, is potentially pathological, particularly if an endocrinopathy or visual impairment coexists. In this guideline, we define the role of surveillance, cerebrospinal fluid tumour markers, whole-body imaging, indications, timing and risks of stalk biopsy, and criteria for discharge. We encourage a registry of outcomes to validate the systematic approach described in this guideline and research to establish typical paediatric stalk sizes and the possible role of novel biomarkers, imaging techniques, or both, in diagnosis.



中文翻译:

特发性垂体柄增粗、中枢性尿崩症或两者兼有的儿童和青少年的管理:国家临床实践共识指南

不明原因或特发性垂体柄增粗或中枢性尿崩症不仅在 40% 的病例中隐藏着罕见的隐匿性恶性肿瘤,而且还可以反映良性先天缺陷。2014 年至 2019 年,英国的一个多学科专家国家指南制定小组系统地制定了管理流程图和临床实践指南,为患有特发性垂体柄增粗、中枢尿崩症,或两者兼而有之。所有此类特发性垂体柄增粗和中枢性尿崩症病例都需要动态垂体功能测试、专业垂体成像、血清 β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素和甲胎蛋白浓度测量、胸部 X 光检查、腹部超声检查、验光、和隐匿性疾病的骨骼调查。视交叉处的柄增厚 4 毫米或更多,垂体插入处的柄增厚 3 毫米或更多,或两者都有,可能是病理性的,特别是如果同时存在内分泌病或视力障碍。在本指南中,我们定义了监测的作用、脑脊液肿瘤标志物、全身影像学、指征、茎部活检的时机和风险,以及出院标准。我们鼓励对结果进行登记,以验证本指南中描述的系统方法,并进行研究以确定典型的儿科茎大小以及新型生物标志物、成像技术或两者在诊断中的可能作用。特别是如果同时存在内分泌病或视力障碍。在本指南中,我们定义了监测的作用、脑脊液肿瘤标志物、全身影像学、指征、茎部活检的时机和风险,以及出院标准。我们鼓励对结果进行登记,以验证本指南中描述的系统方法,并进行研究以确定典型的儿科茎大小以及新型生物标志物、成像技术或两者在诊断中的可能作用。特别是如果同时存在内分泌病或视力障碍。在本指南中,我们定义了监测的作用、脑脊液肿瘤标志物、全身影像学、指征、茎部活检的时机和风险,以及出院标准。我们鼓励对结果进行登记,以验证本指南中描述的系统方法,并进行研究以确定典型的儿科茎大小以及新型生物标志物、成像技术或两者在诊断中的可能作用。

更新日期:2021-08-19
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