Dust accumulation significantly affects the solar PV(Photovoltaic) performance, resulting in a considerable decrease in output power, which can be reduced by 40% with the dust of 4 g/m². Understanding the dust deposition characteristics of PV modules can provide theoretical support for selecting dust cleaning methods and formulating cleaning strategies. This paper introduced the factors affecting dust accumulation and presented the research status of dust deposition mechanisms. Moreover, the dust cleaning methods were discussed and compared. In future research, a comprehensive particle deposition model including surface energy and other factors could be established to explore the dust accumulation mechanism. Additionally, investigating the particle deposition condition to determine the deposition of particles is beneficial to understanding the dust accumulation characteristics and predicting the dust accumulation amount. Compared with mechanical cleaning methods, the cleaning effect of electrostatic (cleaning efficiency can reach 90%), coating, and acoustic wave methods is superior. If the three methods can be combined, using an electrostatic or coating method to remove small particles and acoustic waves to remove large particles is a promising approach.

中文翻译：

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太阳能光伏组件粉尘沉积及清洁方法综述

灰尘堆积显着影响太阳能PV(Photovoltaic)性能，导致输出功率大幅下降，4 g/m ²灰尘可降低40%. 了解光伏组件的粉尘沉积特性，可为选择除尘方式和制定清洁策略提供理论支持。介绍了影响积尘的因素，介绍了积尘机理的研究现状。此外，还讨论和比较了除尘方法。在未来的研究中，可以建立一个包括表面能等因素的综合颗粒沉积模型来探索灰尘聚集机制。此外，通过调查颗粒沉积条件来确定颗粒的沉积情况，有利于了解积尘特征和预测积尘量。与机械清洗方法相比，静电（清洗效率可达90%）、涂层、声波方式清洗效果更优。如果可以将这三种方法结合起来，使用静电或涂层方法去除小颗粒和声波去除大颗粒是一种很有前景的方法。