Conventional filters for aerosol particle deposition consist of one or more filter layers, which are either woven or composed of tangled fibers. The quality of the separation results almost exclusively from the density of the fiber arrangement. Due to the manufacturing process, compromises between separation efficiency and pressure loss, which are in the opposite relationship to each other, are inevitable. The objective of this work is to develop a method for topology optimization to optimize filter structures for both higher filtration efficiency and lower pressure drop simultaneously using the adjoint method based on computation fluid dynamic simulations. The key to topology-optimized “bionic” filters is to find suitable cost functions controlling the optimization. These cost functions should take into account different separation mechanisms and pressure loss. The force coefficients for pressure and shear and the surface integrals of pressure and wall shear stress were evaluated for their contribution to the deposition as part of a combined cost function. In this work, a simple algorithm is devised to combine two opposing cost functions. First, promising results are obtained by considering solid particle separation from gas. For example, it was possible to increase the total filtration efficiency by 2% and reduce the pressure drop by 3.6% in one single deformation step.

中文翻译：

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基于伴随的气体-粒子系统过滤器结构拓扑优化

用于气溶胶颗粒沉积的常规过滤器由一层或多层过滤层组成，这些过滤层要么是编织的，要么由缠结的纤维组成。分离的质量几乎完全取决于纤维排列的密度。由于制造工艺的原因，彼此相反的分离效率和压力损失之间的折衷是不可避免的。这项工作的目标是开发一种拓扑优化方法，以使用基于计算流体动力学模拟的伴随方法优化过滤器结构，同时提高过滤效率和降低压降。拓扑优化“仿生”滤波器的关键是找到合适的成本函数来控制优化。这些成本函数应考虑不同的分离机制和压力损失。作为组合成本函数的一部分，评估压力和剪切力的力系数以及压力和壁面剪切应力的表面积分对沉积的贡献。在这项工作中，设计了一个简单的算法来组合两个相反的成本函数。首先，通过考虑从气体中分离固体颗粒获得了有希望的结果。例如，在一次变形步骤中，总过滤效率可提高 2%，压降降低 3.6%。设计了一个简单的算法来组合两个相反的成本函数。首先，通过考虑从气体中分离固体颗粒获得了有希望的结果。例如，在一次变形步骤中，总过滤效率可提高 2%，压降降低 3.6%。设计了一个简单的算法来组合两个相反的成本函数。首先，通过考虑从气体中分离固体颗粒获得了有希望的结果。例如，在一次变形步骤中，总过滤效率可提高 2%，压降降低 3.6%。