Abstract

Purpose

We investigated corneal endothelial morphology and corneal densitometry in smokers and compared our results with findings observed in non-smokers.

Materials and Methods

This cross-sectional observational study included 100 participants (50 smokers, 50 non-smokers) aged 18–80 years in whom corneal endothelial morphology was analysed using a non-contact Tomey EM-4000 specular microscope (Tomey Corporation, Japan). The Pentacam HR system was used to measure corneal densitometry spatially in three concentric zones (from the centre to the periphery) and at three different corneal depths (from the anterior to the posterior aspects). Endothelial morphology findings and corneal densitometry values were recorded in all participants, and these results were compared between smokers and non-smokers.

Results

Endothelial morphology and corneal densitometry analysis showed significantly lower endothelial cell counts (Num) in smokers (228 cells/mm² vs. 246 cells/mm², p = 0.02) in addition to increased maximum cell area (Max) values (986.5 µm² vs. 935 µm², p = 0.04). We observed no statistically significant intergroup difference in corneal densitometry values (p > 0.05 for each zone); however, we observed a moderately positive correlation between densitometry values in the 6–10 mm concentric zone and between the all total corneal zones and number of pack-years in smokers.

Conclusions

Our study highlights that among the morphometric corneal endothelial variables analysed in this study, only the Num value was significantly correlated with smoking. We observed no statistically significant intergroup difference in corneal densitometry values in this study; however, a positive correlation was observed between the number of pack-years and corneal densitometry findings. Therefore, as the pack-years increase, the increase in corneal densitometry values may indicate a decrease in corneal clarity, considering the possible contribution of secondary factors such as age.

中文翻译：

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吸烟对角膜密度测定和内皮细胞形态的影响

摘要

目的

我们研究了吸烟者的角膜内皮形态和角膜密度测定，并将我们的结果与在非吸烟者中观察到的结果进行了比较。

材料和方法

这项横断面观察研究包括 100 名年龄在 18-80 岁的参与者（50 名吸烟者，50 名非吸烟者），他们使用非接触式 Tomey EM-4000 镜面显微镜（Tomey Corporation，日本）分析角膜内皮形态。Pentacam HR 系统用于在空间上测量三个同心区域（从中心到外围）和三个不同的角膜深度（从前部到后部）的角膜密度测量。记录所有参与者的内皮形态学结果和角膜密度测量值，并将这些结果在吸烟者和非吸烟者之间进行比较。

结果

内皮形态和角膜光密度分析显示吸烟者的内皮细胞计数 (Num) 显着降低 (228 个细胞/mm ²与 246 个细胞/mm ²相比，p  = 0.02)，此外最大细胞面积 (Max) 值 (986.5 µm ² ) 增加与 935 µm ²相比，p  = 0.04)。我们观察到角膜密度测量值的组间差异无统计学意义（ 每个区域p > 0.05）；然而，我们观察到 6-10 毫米同心区域的光密度测量值之间以及所有角膜区域与吸烟者的包年数之间存在中度正相关。

结论

我们的研究强调，在本研究分析的形态测量角膜内皮变量中，只有 Num 值与吸烟显着相关。在本研究中，我们没有观察到角膜密度测量值的组间差异具有统计学意义；然而，在包年数和角膜密度测量结果之间观察到正相关。因此，考虑到年龄等次要因素的可能影响，随着包-年的增加，角膜密度测量值的增加可能表明角膜清晰度下降。