Kathmandu Valley in Nepal is built on the soft soil deposits of lacustrine origin. The structural damage record in the valley during the past earthquakes indicates that resonance effect between the ground and structures plays an important role in intensifying the damage to the structures. Especially, in soft soil deposits, even a small-scale earthquake generates long-period shaking of the ground for comparatively long time with greater displacement. During the 2015 Gorkha earthquake in Nepal, the Kathmandu Valley ground was heavily shaken for more than 60 s with about 4 s of period, which probably was the main cause of heavy damage to multi-story tall buildings in the Kathmandu urban core. This situation of long-period ground shaking during earthquakes and heavy damage to long-period structures may happen anywhere in earthquake-prone regions of the world. So, in this study, after the 2015 Gorkha earthquake (in Nepal), we recorded microtremor and ambient vibration noise data at 33 tall building (from 7 to 19 stories) locations in the Kathmandu Valley and analyzed the recorded data for estimating predominant natural frequencies and natural periods using Floor-Spectral-Ratio technique for the buildings and Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio technique for the ground. The results obtained by analyzing the recorded noise data for the buildings are compared with those of the corresponding nearby free-fields to explore the possibility of resonance effect. The comparison indicates that the predominant periods of about 25% tall buildings are close to the predominant periods of the corresponding grounds, and that about 35% tall buildings have almost the same predominant periods as those of the corresponding grounds. This indicates that the resonance effect is one of the major causes of the partial damage to the tall buildings in the Kathmandu Valley during the 2015 Gorkha earthquake, and hence special considerations need to be taken during design and construction of tall buildings in the Kathmandu Valley as well as in similar urban settlements.

尼泊尔的加德满都谷地建在湖源的软土沉积物上。历次地震中河谷的结构破坏记录表明，地与结构之间的共振效应在加剧结构的破坏中起重要作用。特别是在软土沉积中，即使是小规模的地震，也会产生较长时间的地面长周期震动，位移较大。2015年尼泊尔廓尔喀地震期间，加德满都谷地地面发生了60 s以上、周期约4 s的剧烈震动，这可能是加德满都城市核心多层高层建筑严重受损的主要原因。这种地震中长期地面震动和长期结构严重损坏的情况可能发生在世界地震多发地区的任何地方。因此，在这项研究中，在 2015 年廓尔喀地震（尼泊尔）之后，我们在加德满都谷地的 33 座高层建筑（7 到 19 层）位置记录了微震和环境振动噪声数据，并分析了记录数据以估计主要自然频率和自然周期对建筑物使用地板光谱比技术，对地面使用水平垂直光谱比技术。通过分析记录的建筑物噪声数据获得的结果与相应的附近自由场的结果进行比较，以探讨共振效应的可能性。比较表明，约25%的高层建筑的优势期与相应场地的优势期接近，约35%的高层建筑的优势期与相应场地的优势期几乎相同。这表明共振效应是 2015 年廓尔喀地震期间加德满都谷地高层建筑局部损毁的主要原因之一，因此在加德满都谷地高层建筑的设计和施工中需要特别考虑：以及类似的城市住区。