Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, Emergency Remote Teaching through Online Learning (ERT-OL) has become the prevalent form of learning at many universities worldwide. At the same time, voices around the world have pointed to difficulties in online learning in general and to concerns regarding educational equity in particular. The current study sought to increase knowledge about specific hindering elements in ERT-OL and about the relationships between these elements from the standpoint of the following equity factors—socioeconomic status, language, and juggling among students who are also parents or working. To this end, the study analyzed 154 open-ended textual statements concerning the difficulties perceived by students at a university in Israel. The qualitative thematic analysis generated a map of hindering elements categorized in terms of a) processes: technology, pedagogy, content, situation and individual characteristics, and b) outcomes: cognitive, affective, social, and physical. The map revealed a mesh of intricate mediating and moderating links whose effect can intensify for each equity factor. On the positive side, seeds of mitigating strategies emerged as well. The study advances knowledge regarding ERT-OL hindering elements and their relationships and provides a better understanding of how these debilitating relationships may be exacerbated when equity factors are considered. Researchers and teachers interested in ERT-OL or in “normal” online learning in the future can use the map as a research and teaching framework to identify inequities and prevent further gaps.

自 COVID-19 大流行开始以来，通过在线学习进行紧急远程教学( ERT-OL ) 已成为全球许多大学的普遍学习形式。与此同时，世界各地的声音普遍指出在线学习存在困难，尤其是对教育公平的担忧。目前的研究试图从以下公平因素的角度来增加对 ERT-OL 中特定阻碍因素以及这些因素之间关系的了解——社会经济地位、语言和杂耍。在同时也是父母或工作的学生中。为此，该研究分析了 154 个开放式文本陈述，这些陈述涉及以色列一所大学的学生所感受到的困难。定性主题分析生成了一张阻碍要素的地图，按照 a) 过程分类：技术、教学法、内容、情况和个人特征，以及 b) 结果：认知的、情感的、社会的和身体的。该地图显示了一个错综复杂的中介和调节链接的网格，其影响可以针对每个公平因素加强。从积极的方面来看，缓解策略的种子也出现了。该研究增进了有关 ERT-OL 阻碍因素及其关系的知识，并更好地理解了在考虑公平因素时这些使人衰弱的关系可能如何恶化。对 ERT-OL 或未来“正常”在线学习感兴趣的研究人员和教师可以使用该地图作为研究和教学框架，以识别不平等现象并防止进一步的差距。