Whole-plant soybean silage (WPSS) is a potential high-protein roughage source for ruminant diets. However, WPSS can be difficult to ensile and fermentation is a challenge. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of chitosan and microbial inoculants on fermentation profile, fermentation losses, chemical composition, and in vitro degradation of WPSS. Forty experimental silos (PVC tubing with 28 cm i.d. and 25 cm height) were produced. Soybean plants from 10 plots were ensiled in a completely randomized block design to evaluate the following treatments: (1) control (CON): WPSS without additives; (2) chitosan (CHI): WPSS additive with 6 g/kg DM of chitosan; (3) LBB: WPSS treated with 5.0 × 107 colony-forming units (CFU) of Lactobacillus buchneri (NCIM 40788) per kg of fresh matter and (4) LPP: WPSS treated with 1.6 × 108 CFU of Lactobacillus plantarum and 1.6 × 108 CFU of Pediococcus acidilactici per kg of fresh matter. Silos were opened 120 days after ensiling. Microbial inoculants reduced silage pH, whereas LPP-treated silos showed the lowest concentration of NH3-N, ethanol, butyric, acetic, branched-chain, and propionic organic acids. LBB-treatment decreased lactic acid bacteria (LAB) count relative to other treatments, and LPP-treatment showed the lowest fermentation losses, improving dry matter (DM) recovery. Relative to other treatments, LPP increased silage DM, organic matter, and decreased acid detergent insoluble crude protein (CP), improving DM and neutral detergent fibre in vitro degradation. Treatments showed no effect on silage aerobic stability. Thus, LPP-treatment improves fermentation profile, reduces fermentation losses, and increases the nutritional value of WPSS.

中文翻译：

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全株大豆青贮饲料中的壳聚糖和微生物菌剂

全株大豆青贮饲料 (WPSS) 是反刍动物日粮的潜在高蛋白粗饲料来源。然而，WPSS 很难青贮，发酵是一个挑战。本研究旨在评估壳聚糖和微生物接种剂对 WPSS 的发酵曲线、发酵损失、化学成分和体外降解的影响。生产了 40 个实验筒仓（内径 28 厘米、高 25 厘米的 PVC 管）。以完全随机区组设计青贮来自 10 个地块的大豆植物，以评估以下处理： (1) 对照 (CON)：无添加剂的 WPSS；(2)壳聚糖(CHI)：WPSS添加剂，壳聚糖为6 g/kg DM；(3) LBB：用 5.0 × 10 处理的 WPSS7菌落形成单位 (CFU)布氏乳杆菌(NCIM 40788) 每公斤新鲜物质和 (4) LPP：用 1.6 × 10 处理的 WPSS8CFU 的植物乳杆菌和 1.6 × 108CFU 的乳酸片球菌每公斤新鲜物质。青贮后 120 天打开筒仓。微生物接种剂降低了青贮饲料的 pH 值，而 LPP 处理的筒仓显示出最低的 NH 浓度3-N、乙醇、丁酸、乙酸、支链和丙酸有机酸。与其他处理相比，LBB 处理降低了乳酸菌 (LAB) 的数量，而 LPP 处理显示出最低的发酵损失，从而提高了干物质 (DM) 的回收率。相对于其他处理，LPP增加青贮干物质、有机质，降低酸性洗涤剂不溶性粗蛋白（CP），改善干物质和中性洗涤纤维体外降解。处理对青贮饲料有氧稳定性没有影响。因此，LPP 处理改善了发酵曲线，减少了发酵损失，并增加了 WPSS 的营养价值。