Visualizations are now widely used across disciplines to understand and communicate data. The benefit of visualizations lies in leveraging our natural visual perception. However, the sole dependency on vision can produce unintended discrimination against people with visual impairments. While the visualization field has seen enormous growth in recent years, supporting people with disabilities is much less explored. In this work, we examine approaches to support this marginalized user group, focusing on visual disabilities. We collected and analyzed papers published for the last 20 years on visualization accessibility. We mapped a design space for accessible visualization that includes seven dimensions: user group, literacy task, chart type, interaction, information granularity, sensory modality, assistive technology. We described the current knowledge gap in light of the latest advances in visualization and presented a preliminary accessibility model by synthesizing findings from existing research. Finally, we reflected on the dimensions and discussed opportunities and challenges for future research.

中文翻译：

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无障碍可视化：设计空间、机遇和挑战

可视化现在被广泛用于跨学科理解和交流数据。可视化的好处在于利用我们的自然视觉感知。然而，对视力的唯一依赖可能会对有视力障碍的人产生无意的歧视。虽然近年来可视化领域取得了巨大的发展，但对残障人士的支持却鲜有探索。在这项工作中，我们研究了支持这个边缘化用户群体的方法，重点是视觉障碍。我们收集并分析了过去 20 年发表的关于可视化可访问性的论文。我们为无障碍可视化绘制了一个设计空间，包括七个维度：用户组、识字任务、图表类型、交互、信息粒度、感官模式、辅助技术。我们根据可视化的最新进展描述了当前的知识差距，并通过综合现有研究的结果提出了一个初步的可访问性模型。最后，我们反思了这些维度并讨论了未来研究的机遇和挑战。