Official statistics measuring the cost of living are known to suffer from several biases. This paper shows that the size of the biases can vary with economic conditions. Using homescan data, it is first confirmed that official price indexes can be tracked using such granular data sets. While the often-acknowledged substitution bias is shown to be relatively small, neglected preference adjustment and product entry/exit result in a 2.6 percentage point bias in the annual inflation rate on average. Furthermore, the bias is particularly large in the aftermath of a shock to relative prices, increasing to 3.7 percentage points.

中文翻译：

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通货膨胀率偏差的来源和对通货膨胀动态的影响

众所周知，衡量生活成本的官方统计数据存在多种偏差。本文表明，偏差的大小可以随经济条件而变化。使用家庭扫描数据，首先确认可以使用此类细粒度数据集跟踪官方价格指数。虽然通常公认的替代偏差相对较小，但被忽视的偏好调整和产品进入/退出导致年通胀率平均有 2.6 个百分点的偏差。此外，在相对价格受到冲击后，偏差特别大，增加到 3.7 个百分点。