In Hungary, soil plays a fundamental role in agricultural production. The main aim of this research was to track the spatial–temporal variations in certain soil properties (soil organic carbon [So], pH, NO₃⁻, P, K, Mn, Zn and Cu) between 2000 and 2010 in 55 different farms in the eastern part of Hungary (Hajdú-Bihar region). Soil data were collected from the Soil Conservation Information and Monitoring System. After 10 years of agricultural activities results reveal that the means of pH, So, NO₃⁻, and Zn were higher in 2010 than in 2000. Indeed, of nine studied soil characteristics only two (So%, NO₃⁻) showed a significant change according to the Wilcoxon T-test. The average pH_H₂O increased by 0.13 and reached 7.31 ± 0.12 in 2010. The average NO₃⁻ (ppm) increased by 4.75 ppm and reached 19.9 ppm in 2010. For other soil nutrients, available P, K and Mg decreased slightly, while Mn decreased from 269 ± 25 ppm to 236 ± 21 ppm in 2010. Interestingly, Zn and Cu showed no change between 2000 and 2010. However, the inverse distance weighting (IDW) showed that the central part of the study area is more prone to changes due to intensive agricultural activities. The output of this research could assist decision makers when making soil conservation plans within the study area.

中文翻译：

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评估匈牙利东部 10 年农业活动后的土壤质量变化*

在匈牙利，土壤在农业生产中发挥着重要作用。本研究的主要目的是跟踪2000 年至 2010 年间 55 个不同农场的某些土壤特性（土壤有机碳 [So]、pH、NO ₃ ^- 、P、K、Mn、Zn 和 Cu）的时空变化在匈牙利东部（Hajdú-Bihar 地区）。土壤数据来自土壤保护信息和监测系统。经过 10 年的农业活动结果显示， 2010 年的 pH、So、NO ₃ ^-和 Zn 均值高于 2000 年。事实上，在研究的 9 个土壤特征中，只有两个（So%、NO ₃ ^-）表现出显着根据 Wilcoxon T检验改变。平均 pH_H ₂O 增加 0.13，2010 年达到 7.31 ± 0.12。平均 NO ₃ ^- (ppm) 增加 4.75 ppm，2010 年达到 19.9 ppm。对于其他土壤养分，速效 P、K 和 Mg 略有下降，而 Mn 从 269 下降2010 年为 ± 25 ppm 至 236 ± 21 ppm。有趣的是，Zn 和 Cu 在 2000 年至 2010 年之间没有变化。然而，反距离加权 (IDW) 表明研究区域的中部更容易由于集约化而发生变化农业活动。这项研究的成果可以帮助决策者在研究区域内制定土壤保护计划。